Consider the following statements with reference to Antimicrobial Res...
Option d is the correct answer.
- The emergence and spread of drug-resistant pathogens that have acquired new resistance mechanisms, leading to antimicrobial resistance, continues to threaten our ability to treat common infections.
- Statement 1 is correct: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change over time and no longer respond to medicines making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death. As a result of drug resistance, antibiotics and other antimicrobial medicines become ineffective and infections become increasingly difficult or impossible to treat.
- Statement 2 is correct: Antimicrobial resistance occurs naturally over time, usually through genetic changes. Antimicrobial resistant organisms are found in people, animals, food, plants and the environment (in water, soil and air). Antibiotics have been misused and/or overused in humans and animals, which has accelerated dramatically the problem of antimicrobial resistance.
- Statement 3 is correct: Antimicrobial resistance can spread from person to person or between people and animals, including from food of animal origin.The main drivers of antimicrobial resistance include the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials; lack of access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) for both humans and animals; poor infection and disease prevention and control in health-care facilities and farms; poor access to quality, affordable medicines, vaccines and diagnostics; lack of awareness and knowledge; and lack of enforcement of legislation.
Consider the following statements with reference to Antimicrobial Res...
Antimicrobial Resistance
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat that occurs when microorganisms become resistant to medicines, making infections harder to treat. It can have serious consequences, leading to prolonged illness, increased healthcare costs, and higher mortality rates.
Causes of Antimicrobial Resistance
- It can occur naturally over time through genetic changes in microorganisms.
- Misuse and overuse of antimicrobial drugs in humans, animals, and agriculture can accelerate the development of resistance.
Transmission of Antimicrobial Resistance
- AMR can spread from person to person through direct contact or through contaminated surfaces.
- It can also be transmitted through the food chain, water, and environmental factors, contributing to the widespread dissemination of resistant microorganisms.
Significance of Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance
- Addressing AMR requires a multi-sectoral approach involving healthcare, agriculture, and environmental sectors.
- Implementing strategies to prevent AMR, such as promoting appropriate antibiotic use, developing new antimicrobial drugs, and improving infection control measures, is crucial to combating this global health threat.
In conclusion, all three statements regarding antimicrobial resistance are correct. It is essential to raise awareness about AMR, promote responsible use of antimicrobial drugs, and implement effective strategies to prevent the spread of resistant microorganisms.
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