Which one of the following depicts correct demographic equation of pop...
Population Growth refers to a change in the size of a population. It can be either positive or negative over time. It is caused exclusively by the operation of fertility, mortality, and migration.
Which one of the following depicts correct demographic equation of pop...
Natural increase and net migration
Introduction:
The demographic equation of population growth involves the factors that contribute to changes in the population size over time. It helps to understand how population grows or declines by taking into account different factors such as birth rate, death rate, migration, and natural increase. Among the given options, option B - natural increase and net migration, correctly depicts the demographic equation of population growth.
Natural increase:
Natural increase refers to the difference between the number of births and the number of deaths in a population over a specific period of time. It is calculated by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate. If the number of births is higher than the number of deaths, there is a natural increase in the population. Conversely, if the number of deaths exceeds the number of births, there is a natural decrease in the population.
Net migration:
Net migration is the difference between the number of people immigrating into an area and the number of people emigrating from that area over a specific period of time. A positive net migration indicates that more people are immigrating into an area than emigrating, leading to population growth. Conversely, a negative net migration suggests that more people are leaving the area than entering it, resulting in population decline.
Explanation:
The correct demographic equation of population growth is the combination of natural increase and net migration. Both factors contribute to changes in the population size. The birth rate, which is a part of natural increase, indicates the number of births per 1,000 individuals in a population. The death rate, also part of natural increase, represents the number of deaths per 1,000 individuals in a population. The difference between the birth rate and death rate determines the natural increase or decrease in the population.
In addition to natural increase, net migration plays a significant role in population growth. It takes into account the movement of individuals into and out of an area. Immigration refers to individuals entering a country or region, while emigration refers to individuals leaving a country or region. The difference between these two values gives the net migration rate. A positive net migration rate suggests population growth due to more people entering the area, while a negative net migration rate indicates population decline as more individuals are leaving the area.
Conclusion:
In summary, the correct demographic equation of population growth is the combination of natural increase (birth rate minus death rate) and net migration (immigration minus emigration). These factors help to understand how populations grow or decline over time.