Geography: Exploring the Study of Earth

Introduction:
Geography is a diverse field of study that encompasses various aspects of the Earth, including physical features, human behavior, culture, and spatial relationships. It is an interdisciplinary subject that integrates elements from natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities. While all the options provided in the question have some truth to them, option 'A' is the statement that is NOT true about geography. Let's explore why this is the case.

Understanding the Options:
Before delving into the explanation, let's briefly understand the meaning of each option:

a) Geography includes the study of only physical features of the Earth, regardless of human behavior and culture.
b) Events that take place in outer space cannot be studied geographically.
c) Geography is relevant only in places that are technologically undeveloped.
d) Geography only includes the theory of environmental determinism.

Explanation:
a) Geography includes the study of only physical features of the Earth, regardless of human behavior and culture.
This statement is NOT true. Geography is not limited to the study of physical features alone. It also includes the examination of how humans interact with and shape the environment, as well as the influence of culture, society, and economic activities on the landscape. Human geography focuses on understanding the spatial patterns of human behavior, cultural practices, and socio-economic systems.

b) Events that take place in outer space cannot be studied geographically.
This statement is true. Geography primarily focuses on the study of Earth and its features. Although the field of geography has expanded to include the study of other celestial bodies, such as planets, moons, and asteroids, events that occur exclusively in outer space are not traditionally within the purview of geography.

c) Geography is relevant only in places that are technologically undeveloped.
This statement is NOT true. Geography is relevant in all places, regardless of their technological development. It provides insights into the spatial organization, distribution of resources, environmental challenges, and social dynamics of various regions, both developed and undeveloped. Geography helps us understand the complex interplay between humans and their environment, which is relevant in all settings.

d) Geography only includes the theory of environmental determinism.
This statement is NOT true. While environmental determinism is one of the theories in geography, it is not the only theory. Geography encompasses a wide range of theories and perspectives, such as possibilism, cultural ecology, political ecology, and humanistic geography. These theories explore different aspects of human-environment interactions and provide diverse frameworks for understanding spatial patterns and processes.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, geography is a multi-faceted discipline that goes beyond the study of physical features. It encompasses the examination of human behavior, culture, and the interplay between society and the environment. While all the statements provided in the question have some validity, option 'A' is the statement that is NOT true about geography.