Mendel used different varities of pea plant and grew in his garden. in monhybrid inheritance mendel crossed the tall and dwarf plants and he found that in F1 generation all pea plants were tall, no dwarf plants was obtained. when he crossed all the tall plants obtained in F1 generation, he found that in F2 generation tall plants and dwarf plants were obtained in ratio of 3:1. hence in F2 generation dwarfeness of the pea plants were expressed. so mendel concluded that the trait of dwarfness was merely supressed in F1 generation and he called this trait as recessive trait whereas the trait of tallness was expressed in every generation and he called this trait as dominant trait...

Mendel took pea plants with different characteristics – a tall plant and a short plant, produced progeny from them, and calculated the percentages of tall or short progeny. there were no halfway characteristics in this first generation, or F1progeny – no ‘medium-height’ plants. All plants were tall. This meant that only one of the parental traits was seen, not some mixture of the two. He carried his experiment further by getting both the parental plants and these F1 tall plants to reproduce by self-pollination The progeny of the parental plants are, of course, all tall. However, the second-generation, or F2, progeny of the F1 tall plants are not all tall. Instead, one quarter of them are short. This indicates that both the tallness and shortness traits were inherited in the F1 plants, but only the tallness trait, which was dominant, was expressed while shortness, which was recessive trait, remained dormant in F1Mendel’s first law of inheritance states that when a pair of contrasting factors is brought in a hybrid, one factor masks or inhibits the appearance of the other. The one which inhibits is the dominant one and which is inhibited is recessive