What is biodiversity hotspot ?

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Forests form a part pf the biodiversity hotspot. In the forests we are able to see a large variety of flora and fauna which is a major part of the biodiversity of the nation. Thus forests are known as biodiversity hotspot

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Biodiversity hotspot is termed to the specific forests consisting of richest diversity of species including most rare and prior to extinct species.There are two biodiversity hotspots in India – Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats.

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Forest

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Biodiversity Hotspot: An Overview
Biodiversity hotspots are regions that are both rich in endemic species and significantly threatened by human activities. They play a crucial role in global conservation efforts.
Key Characteristics
- High Endemism: Biodiversity hotspots contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics, meaning they are not found anywhere else in the world.
- Significant Threat: These areas must have lost at least 70% of their original habitat due to human activities, such as deforestation, urbanization, and agriculture.
Importance of Biodiversity Hotspots
- Conservation Priority: Hotspots are prioritized for conservation efforts because they harbor a significant amount of the planet’s biodiversity.
- Ecological Services: They provide essential ecological services, including clean water, climate regulation, and soil fertility.
- Cultural Significance: Many hotspots are home to indigenous communities, preserving unique cultures and traditional knowledge.
Examples of Biodiversity Hotspots
- Amazon Rainforest: Known for its vast array of species, it is one of the most biodiverse places on Earth.
- Madagascar: Over 90% of its wildlife is found nowhere else, making it a critical area for conservation.
- Western Ghats: This region in India is recognized for its unique flora and fauna, facing severe threats from urbanization.
Conclusion
Protecting biodiversity hotspots is essential for maintaining global biodiversity and ensuring the survival of countless species. Conservation strategies in these areas can have substantial positive impacts on ecological health and human well-being.

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