18. Areas of everyday life where understanding of Psychology can be put to practice:
Psychology has applications in various aspects of our daily life. Some of the areas where it can be put to practice are:
- Education: Understanding learning processes and teaching techniques can help in improving educational outcomes.
- Health: Psychology can help in managing stress, anxiety, and other mental health issues. It can also aid in developing healthy habits and coping mechanisms.
- Relationships: Understanding interpersonal dynamics and communication can help in building healthy relationships.
- Work: Psychology can help in improving productivity, motivation, and job satisfaction.
- Sports: Understanding the psychological aspects of sports can help in improving performance and mental toughness.

19. History of modern psychology as a social science in India in four phases according to Durganand Sinha:
Durganand Sinha identified four phases in the history of modern psychology as a social science in India:
- Pre-independence phase (1850-1947): During this period, psychology in India was dominated by the British. The focus was on studying Indian culture and religion from a Western perspective.
- Early post-independence phase (1947-1960s): Psychology became more Indianized during this period. There was an emphasis on studying Indian psychology and developing indigenous theories.
- Late post-independence phase (1970s-1990s): Psychology in India became more diverse and interdisciplinary. There was a shift towards applied psychology and social issues.
- Contemporary phase (2000s onwards): There is a growing interest in positive psychology, mental health, and well-being. There is also a focus on integrating traditional and modern approaches to psychology.

20. Branch of psychology suitable for solving social problems such as crime:
Forensic psychology is the branch of psychology that deals with legal issues and criminal behavior. It can help in solving social problems such as crime by providing insights into the psychological factors that contribute to criminal behavior and by developing effective interventions. Some of the concerns of psychologists working in this field are:
- Ethics: Psychologists working in forensic settings must adhere to ethical guidelines while dealing with clients who may have committed heinous crimes.
- Bias: There is a risk of bias in forensic evaluations, particularly when dealing with issues such as competence to stand trial and risk assessment.
- Validity and reliability: There is a need for valid and reliable assessment tools in forensic psychology to ensure accurate evaluations.
- Collaboration: Forensic psychologists need to collaborate with other professionals such as lawyers, judges, and law enforcement officials to ensure that justice is served.