The militant nationalists in India during the early 20th century employed various strategies to resist British colonial rule and advance the cause of Indian independence. Two significant methods they used were the Swadeshi movement and the anti-partition agitation.

1. **Swadeshi Movement:**
The Swadeshi movement was a campaign aimed at promoting indigenous goods and industries to reduce dependence on foreign imports and strengthen the Indian economy. It called for boycotting British goods and encouraging the use of Indian products. The militant nationalists saw this movement as a powerful tool to arouse the people politically by instilling a sense of national pride, unity, and self-reliance. They believed that by supporting Swadeshi, Indians could assert their economic independence and challenge British domination.

2. **Antipartition Agitation:**
The anti-partition agitation refers to the protests and opposition that emerged against the British government's decision to divide Bengal in 1905. This division was seen as a deliberate attempt to weaken the growing nationalist sentiment in Bengal. The militant nationalists utilized this issue to mobilize the masses and politically awaken them. They organized protests, strikes, and boycotts to voice their opposition to the partition and to demonstrate the unity of the Indian people against British policies.

3. **Arousing the People Politically:**
The correct answer to the question is option A, which states that the militant nationalists used Swadeshi and anti-partition agitation to arouse the people politically. By promoting Swadeshi and encouraging the use of Indian products, they aimed to create a sense of patriotism and national consciousness among the people. This political awakening was crucial in mobilizing the masses and garnering support for the independence movement. Similarly, the anti-partition agitation provided a platform for people to express their dissent against British policies and unite against colonial rule.

In conclusion, the militant nationalists strategically employed the Swadeshi movement and anti-partition agitation to not only encourage indigenous industrial production and strengthen their bases in Calcutta and Chittagong but primarily to arouse the people politically. By doing so, they aimed to create a mass movement for independence, challenging British rule and advancing the cause of a free and united India.