The lymphatic system is part of the vascular system and an important part of the immune system, comprising a large network of lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph (from Latin, lympha meaning "water"[1]) directionally towards the heart. The lymphatic system was first described in the seventeenth century independently by Olaus Rudbeck and Thomas Bartholin. Unlike the circulatory system, the lymphatic system is not a closed system. The human circulatory system processes an average of 20 litres of blood per day through capillary filtration, which removes plasma while leaving the blood cells. Roughly 17 litres of the filtered plasma is reabsorbed directly into the blood vessels, while the remaining three litres remain in the interstitial fluid. One of the main functions of the lymph system is to provide an accessory return route to the blood for the surplus three litres.




The lymphatic system has multiple interrelated functions:[23]

It is responsible for the removal ofinterstitial fluid from tissues

It absorbs and transports fatty acids and fats as chyle from the digestive system

It transports white blood cells to and from the lymph nodes into the bones

The lymph transports antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells, to the lymph nodes where an immune response is stimulated.



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The lymphatic system has three mainfunctions:

It maintains the balance of fluid between the blood and tissues, known as fluid homeostasis.It forms part of the body's immune system and helps defend against bacteria and other intruders.It facilitates absorption of fats and fat-soluble nutrients in the digestive system.

The system has special small vessels called lacteals. These enable it to absorb fats and fat-soluble nutrients from the gut.

They work with the blood capillaries in the folded surface membrane of the small intestine. The blood capillaries absorb other nutrients directly into the bloodstream.