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Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.
Passage
Efficiency of capital has long been an area of neglect and remains so. This aspect is underscored in the eleventh plan draft, ironically in its demand for the rate of investment being raised to 35.1% of GDP from 29.1% in 2004-05.
The irony lies in the fact that the planning commission has consistently relied on the Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) as tools of expediency rather than one designed to promote efficiency. Yet, the ratio conceptually seeks to get the most out of the capital stock that is existing and is being added. The ratio now is 3.7, i.e., the capital needed for an output of 1 is 3.7 times. If the effective ratio is brought down during 2007-2012, then it would be possible to achieve a GDP growth value of 8.9% over the period with a lesser level of investment than 35.1%.
Nobody doubts that capital formation is critical to a higher rate of growth in GDP but efficiency lies not so much on the capital stock as its utilisation.
Q. Higher the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP.
  • a)
    if the inference is ‘definitely true’ i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts given
  • b)
    if the inference is ‘probably true’ though not definitely true in the light of the facts given
  • c)
    if the ‘data are inadequate’, i.e. from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or false
  • d)
    if inference is ‘probably/definitely false’
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible i...
It is clear from the passage that lower the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP.
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Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible i...
Understanding the Capital Output Ratio
The capital output ratio (COR) is a measure that indicates the amount of capital required to produce a certain level of output. The inference states that "higher the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP," which raises questions about its validity.
Analysis of the Passage
- The passage emphasizes the inefficiency in capital utilization. It mentions that the current Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) is 3.7, meaning that 3.7 units of capital are needed to produce 1 unit of output.
- It also highlights that efficiency in capital utilization is crucial for GDP growth. The passage suggests that if the effective ratio is reduced, a desired GDP growth rate of 8.9% could be achieved with less investment.
Why the Inference is False
- The premise that a higher capital output ratio leads to higher GDP growth contradicts the passage's assertion about the inefficiency of capital.
- A higher capital output ratio indicates that more capital is needed for each unit of output, suggesting inefficiency. Therefore, a lower ratio is actually more conducive to higher GDP growth.
- The passage clearly links efficiency in capital utilization with GDP growth, not merely the amount of capital invested. This supports the idea that better utilization can lead to growth without increased investment.
Conclusion
Thus, the inference that a higher capital output ratio results in higher GDP growth is definitely false. The correct answer is option 'D', as the passage provides sufficient evidence to refute the inference.
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Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.PassageEfficiency of capital has long been an area of neglect and remains so. This aspect is underscored in the eleventh plan draft, ironically in its demand for the rate of investment being raised to 35.1% of GDP from 29.1% in 2004-05.The irony lies in the fact that the planning commission has consistently relied on the Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) as tools of expediency rather than one designed to promote efficiency. Yet, the ratio conceptually seeks to get the most out of the capital stock that is existing and is being added. The ratio now is 3.7, i.e., the capital needed for an output of 1 is 3.7 times. If the effective ratio is brought down during 2007-2012, then it would be possible to achieve a GDP growth value of 8.9% over the period with a lesser level of investment than 35.1%.Nobody doubts that capital formation is critical to a higher rate of growth in GDP but efficiency lies not so much on the capital stock as its utilisation.Q.Higher the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP.a)if the inference is ‘definitely true’ i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts givenb)if the inference is ‘probably true’ though not definitely true in the light of the facts givenc)if the ‘data are inadequate’, i.e. from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or falsed)if inference is ‘probably/definitely false’Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2025 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.PassageEfficiency of capital has long been an area of neglect and remains so. This aspect is underscored in the eleventh plan draft, ironically in its demand for the rate of investment being raised to 35.1% of GDP from 29.1% in 2004-05.The irony lies in the fact that the planning commission has consistently relied on the Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) as tools of expediency rather than one designed to promote efficiency. Yet, the ratio conceptually seeks to get the most out of the capital stock that is existing and is being added. The ratio now is 3.7, i.e., the capital needed for an output of 1 is 3.7 times. If the effective ratio is brought down during 2007-2012, then it would be possible to achieve a GDP growth value of 8.9% over the period with a lesser level of investment than 35.1%.Nobody doubts that capital formation is critical to a higher rate of growth in GDP but efficiency lies not so much on the capital stock as its utilisation.Q.Higher the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP.a)if the inference is ‘definitely true’ i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts givenb)if the inference is ‘probably true’ though not definitely true in the light of the facts givenc)if the ‘data are inadequate’, i.e. from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or falsed)if inference is ‘probably/definitely false’Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.PassageEfficiency of capital has long been an area of neglect and remains so. This aspect is underscored in the eleventh plan draft, ironically in its demand for the rate of investment being raised to 35.1% of GDP from 29.1% in 2004-05.The irony lies in the fact that the planning commission has consistently relied on the Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) as tools of expediency rather than one designed to promote efficiency. Yet, the ratio conceptually seeks to get the most out of the capital stock that is existing and is being added. The ratio now is 3.7, i.e., the capital needed for an output of 1 is 3.7 times. If the effective ratio is brought down during 2007-2012, then it would be possible to achieve a GDP growth value of 8.9% over the period with a lesser level of investment than 35.1%.Nobody doubts that capital formation is critical to a higher rate of growth in GDP but efficiency lies not so much on the capital stock as its utilisation.Q.Higher the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP.a)if the inference is ‘definitely true’ i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts givenb)if the inference is ‘probably true’ though not definitely true in the light of the facts givenc)if the ‘data are inadequate’, i.e. from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or falsed)if inference is ‘probably/definitely false’Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.PassageEfficiency of capital has long been an area of neglect and remains so. This aspect is underscored in the eleventh plan draft, ironically in its demand for the rate of investment being raised to 35.1% of GDP from 29.1% in 2004-05.The irony lies in the fact that the planning commission has consistently relied on the Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) as tools of expediency rather than one designed to promote efficiency. Yet, the ratio conceptually seeks to get the most out of the capital stock that is existing and is being added. The ratio now is 3.7, i.e., the capital needed for an output of 1 is 3.7 times. If the effective ratio is brought down during 2007-2012, then it would be possible to achieve a GDP growth value of 8.9% over the period with a lesser level of investment than 35.1%.Nobody doubts that capital formation is critical to a higher rate of growth in GDP but efficiency lies not so much on the capital stock as its utilisation.Q.Higher the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP.a)if the inference is ‘definitely true’ i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts givenb)if the inference is ‘probably true’ though not definitely true in the light of the facts givenc)if the ‘data are inadequate’, i.e. from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or falsed)if inference is ‘probably/definitely false’Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for UPSC. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for UPSC Exam by signing up for free.
Here you can find the meaning of Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.PassageEfficiency of capital has long been an area of neglect and remains so. This aspect is underscored in the eleventh plan draft, ironically in its demand for the rate of investment being raised to 35.1% of GDP from 29.1% in 2004-05.The irony lies in the fact that the planning commission has consistently relied on the Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) as tools of expediency rather than one designed to promote efficiency. Yet, the ratio conceptually seeks to get the most out of the capital stock that is existing and is being added. The ratio now is 3.7, i.e., the capital needed for an output of 1 is 3.7 times. If the effective ratio is brought down during 2007-2012, then it would be possible to achieve a GDP growth value of 8.9% over the period with a lesser level of investment than 35.1%.Nobody doubts that capital formation is critical to a higher rate of growth in GDP but efficiency lies not so much on the capital stock as its utilisation.Q.Higher the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP.a)if the inference is ‘definitely true’ i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts givenb)if the inference is ‘probably true’ though not definitely true in the light of the facts givenc)if the ‘data are inadequate’, i.e. from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or falsed)if inference is ‘probably/definitely false’Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.PassageEfficiency of capital has long been an area of neglect and remains so. This aspect is underscored in the eleventh plan draft, ironically in its demand for the rate of investment being raised to 35.1% of GDP from 29.1% in 2004-05.The irony lies in the fact that the planning commission has consistently relied on the Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) as tools of expediency rather than one designed to promote efficiency. Yet, the ratio conceptually seeks to get the most out of the capital stock that is existing and is being added. The ratio now is 3.7, i.e., the capital needed for an output of 1 is 3.7 times. If the effective ratio is brought down during 2007-2012, then it would be possible to achieve a GDP growth value of 8.9% over the period with a lesser level of investment than 35.1%.Nobody doubts that capital formation is critical to a higher rate of growth in GDP but efficiency lies not so much on the capital stock as its utilisation.Q.Higher the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP.a)if the inference is ‘definitely true’ i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts givenb)if the inference is ‘probably true’ though not definitely true in the light of the facts givenc)if the ‘data are inadequate’, i.e. from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or falsed)if inference is ‘probably/definitely false’Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.PassageEfficiency of capital has long been an area of neglect and remains so. This aspect is underscored in the eleventh plan draft, ironically in its demand for the rate of investment being raised to 35.1% of GDP from 29.1% in 2004-05.The irony lies in the fact that the planning commission has consistently relied on the Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) as tools of expediency rather than one designed to promote efficiency. Yet, the ratio conceptually seeks to get the most out of the capital stock that is existing and is being added. The ratio now is 3.7, i.e., the capital needed for an output of 1 is 3.7 times. If the effective ratio is brought down during 2007-2012, then it would be possible to achieve a GDP growth value of 8.9% over the period with a lesser level of investment than 35.1%.Nobody doubts that capital formation is critical to a higher rate of growth in GDP but efficiency lies not so much on the capital stock as its utilisation.Q.Higher the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP.a)if the inference is ‘definitely true’ i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts givenb)if the inference is ‘probably true’ though not definitely true in the light of the facts givenc)if the ‘data are inadequate’, i.e. from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or falsed)if inference is ‘probably/definitely false’Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.PassageEfficiency of capital has long been an area of neglect and remains so. This aspect is underscored in the eleventh plan draft, ironically in its demand for the rate of investment being raised to 35.1% of GDP from 29.1% in 2004-05.The irony lies in the fact that the planning commission has consistently relied on the Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) as tools of expediency rather than one designed to promote efficiency. Yet, the ratio conceptually seeks to get the most out of the capital stock that is existing and is being added. The ratio now is 3.7, i.e., the capital needed for an output of 1 is 3.7 times. If the effective ratio is brought down during 2007-2012, then it would be possible to achieve a GDP growth value of 8.9% over the period with a lesser level of investment than 35.1%.Nobody doubts that capital formation is critical to a higher rate of growth in GDP but efficiency lies not so much on the capital stock as its utilisation.Q.Higher the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP.a)if the inference is ‘definitely true’ i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts givenb)if the inference is ‘probably true’ though not definitely true in the light of the facts givenc)if the ‘data are inadequate’, i.e. from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or falsed)if inference is ‘probably/definitely false’Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Directions: The passage is given below, followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.PassageEfficiency of capital has long been an area of neglect and remains so. This aspect is underscored in the eleventh plan draft, ironically in its demand for the rate of investment being raised to 35.1% of GDP from 29.1% in 2004-05.The irony lies in the fact that the planning commission has consistently relied on the Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) as tools of expediency rather than one designed to promote efficiency. Yet, the ratio conceptually seeks to get the most out of the capital stock that is existing and is being added. The ratio now is 3.7, i.e., the capital needed for an output of 1 is 3.7 times. If the effective ratio is brought down during 2007-2012, then it would be possible to achieve a GDP growth value of 8.9% over the period with a lesser level of investment than 35.1%.Nobody doubts that capital formation is critical to a higher rate of growth in GDP but efficiency lies not so much on the capital stock as its utilisation.Q.Higher the capital output ratio, higher is the growth of GDP.a)if the inference is ‘definitely true’ i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts givenb)if the inference is ‘probably true’ though not definitely true in the light of the facts givenc)if the ‘data are inadequate’, i.e. from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or falsed)if inference is ‘probably/definitely false’Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice UPSC tests.
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