Guttation:
Guttation is the process by which plants release water droplets from the tips of their leaves. It usually occurs during the early morning hours or at night when the soil is moist and the atmospheric humidity is high. It is commonly observed in herbaceous plants and certain grass species.

Transpiration:
Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water in the form of vapor through their leaves. It occurs during the day when the stomata on the leaf surface are open to allow the exchange of gases. Transpiration is a vital process for plants as it helps in the absorption of water and nutrients, cooling the plant, and maintaining turgidity.

Differences between Guttation and Transpiration:

1. Occurrence:
- Guttation occurs during the night or early morning when the soil is moist and the humidity is high.
- Transpiration occurs during the day when the stomata are open and the plant is actively photosynthesizing.

2. Water Loss:
- Guttation involves the loss of liquid water in the form of droplets from specialized structures called hydathodes located at the leaf margins or tips.
- Transpiration involves the loss of water vapor through the stomata on the leaf surface.

3. Water Source:
- Guttation mainly relies on the absorption of water from the soil through the roots.
- Transpiration primarily relies on the movement of water from the roots to the leaves through the xylem tissue.

4. Function:
- Guttation is not considered a primary process for water and nutrient uptake but rather a mechanism for excreting excess water and certain ions.
- Transpiration is essential for the absorption of water and nutrients, cooling the plant, and maintaining turgidity.

5. Factors Influencing:
- Guttation is influenced by high soil moisture, high humidity, and low transpiration rates.
- Transpiration is influenced by factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, light intensity, and plant characteristics.

Conclusion:
In summary, guttation and transpiration are two distinct processes by which plants lose water. Guttation involves the release of liquid water droplets from specialized structures on the leaf surface, primarily occurring during the night or early morning. On the other hand, transpiration involves the loss of water vapor through the stomata during the day, serving various physiological functions for plants. Understanding these processes helps in comprehending the water balance and regulation in plants.