Which of the following are responsible for the decrease of per capita...
The factors responsible for the decrease of per capita holding of cultivated land in India are
1. Rapid rate of increase in population.
2. Practice of dividing land equally among the heirs.
Which of the following are responsible for the decrease of per capita...
Explanation:
The decrease in per capita holding of cultivated land in India is influenced by various factors. Let's analyze each option to understand their impact.
1. Low per capita income:
Low per capita income implies that individuals have limited financial resources. This restricts their ability to purchase or lease additional land for cultivation. As a result, the per capita holding of cultivated land decreases. Therefore, option 1 is a valid reason for the decrease in per capita holding of cultivated land.
2. Rapid rate of increase of population:
The rapid increase in population leads to a higher demand for food and other agricultural products. To meet this demand, farmers need to increase their agricultural output. However, due to the limited availability of land, the per capita holding of cultivated land decreases as more people rely on the existing land for their livelihood. Hence, option 2 is also a valid reason.
3. Practice of dividing land equally among the heirs:
The practice of dividing land equally among the heirs, also known as fragmentation of land, is a common practice in India. When land is divided among multiple heirs, the size of individual land holdings decreases. This division continues with each subsequent generation, resulting in smaller land holdings. Consequently, the per capita holding of cultivated land decreases. Therefore, option 3 is a valid reason.
4. Use of traditional techniques of ploughing:
The use of traditional techniques of plowing in agriculture can limit the productivity of the land. Traditional methods may not be as efficient as modern techniques, resulting in lower crop yields. This may lead to the need for more land to compensate for the lower productivity. However, the option does not directly contribute to the decrease in per capita holding of cultivated land. Therefore, option 4 is not a valid reason.
Conclusion:
Based on the analysis, options 2 and 3 are responsible for the decrease in per capita holding of cultivated land in India. The rapid rate of increase of population and the practice of dividing land equally among the heirs lead to a decrease in the size of individual land holdings, thereby reducing the per capita holding of cultivated land.