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What are the major literary movements or periods studied in English for Class 12 humanities?
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Literary Movements or Periods Studied in English for Class 12 Humanities


1. Renaissance


  • The Renaissance period in English literature spanned from the 14th to the 17th century.

  • It was characterized by a renewed interest in classical learning, humanism, and a shift from religious to secular themes.

  • Key writers of this period include William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, and Sir Thomas More.



2. Neoclassicism


  • Neoclassicism emerged in the 18th century as a reaction against the excesses of the Renaissance.

  • It emphasized reason, order, and rationality, drawing inspiration from ancient Greek and Roman literature.

  • Prominent writers of this period include Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift, and Samuel Johnson.



3. Romanticism


  • Romanticism emerged in the late 18th century and emphasized individualism, imagination, and emotion.

  • It rejected the constraints of Neoclassicism and embraced the beauty of nature and the supernatural.

  • Poets such as William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and John Keats were central figures of this movement.



4. Victorian Literature


  • The Victorian era, spanning from the mid-19th to the early 20th century, witnessed a diverse range of literary works.

  • It reflected the values and concerns of the Victorian society, including industrialization, social reform, and moral conflicts.

  • Authors like Charles Dickens, Jane Austen, and Oscar Wilde played significant roles in shaping Victorian literature.



5. Modernism


  • Modernism emerged in the early 20th century as a response to the disillusionment brought about by World War I.

  • It rejected traditional forms and sought new ways of expression, often experimenting with narrative techniques and fragmented structures.

  • Writers like T.S. Eliot, Virginia Woolf, and James Joyce are considered major figures of this movement.



6. Postcolonial Literature


  • Postcolonial literature emerged after the dismantling of colonial empires and explores the experiences of formerly colonized peoples.

  • It addresses themes of identity, cultural clashes, and the impact of colonialism on individuals and societies.

  • Prominent postcolonial writers include Chinua Achebe, Salman Rushdie, and Arundhati Roy.



Overall, studying these literary movements or periods in English for Class 12 humanities provides students with a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of literature, the historical and social contexts in which they were produced, and the diverse range of themes and styles explored by different writers throughout history.
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