For what purpose British East India Company hire Francis Buchanan?a) ...
- Francis Buchanan was a physician who came to India and served in the Bengal Medical Service (from 1794 to 1815).
- For a few years he was surgeon to the Governor-General of India, Lord Wellesley. During his stay in Calcutta (present-day Kolkata), he organised a zoo that became the Calcutta Alipore Zoo; he was also in charge of the Botanical Gardens for a short period. On the request of the Government of Bengal, he undertook detailed surveys of the areas under the jurisdiction of the British East India Company.
- In 1815 he fell ill and returned to England. Upon his mother’s death, he inherited her property and assumed her family name Hamilton. So he is often called Buchanan-Hamilton.
For what purpose British East India Company hire Francis Buchanan?a) ...
Introduction
The British East India Company (EIC) played a significant role in the colonization of India. To effectively govern the territories under their control, the EIC required detailed information about the regions, their resources, and their potential for revenue generation. Francis Buchanan was hired by the EIC for the purpose of conducting a detailed survey of the areas under their jurisdiction.
Detailed Survey of Areas
The EIC had acquired considerable territories across India, including Bengal, Bihar, and parts of South India. To administer these territories efficiently, it was crucial for the EIC to have a comprehensive understanding of the regions. Francis Buchanan's appointment aimed to conduct a detailed survey of the areas under EIC jurisdiction.
Assessing Resources and Revenue Potential
One of the primary objectives of the survey was to assess the resources available in these regions. This included studying the agricultural potential, identifying valuable mineral deposits, and understanding the natural resources that could be exploited for trade and revenue generation. By having accurate information about the resources, the EIC could plan their economic activities accordingly.
Infrastructure and Communication
Another aspect of the survey was to assess the existing infrastructure and communication networks within the territories. This included determining the state of roads, bridges, canals, and other transportation facilities. Understanding the communication networks was crucial for efficient governance, as it facilitated the movement of goods, troops, and officials.
Demographic and Socio-economic Data
Buchanan's survey also aimed to gather information about the demographics and socio-economic conditions of the regions. This involved documenting the population, caste divisions, economic activities, and social structures prevalent in the areas. This data would provide valuable insights into the social dynamics of the territories, allowing the EIC to formulate appropriate policies.
Mapping and Boundary Determination
Mapping the territories accurately and determining their boundaries was another crucial aspect of the survey. This helped in defining the administrative units and demarcating the areas under EIC control. The survey also aimed to identify any disputes or conflicting claims over land, which could be resolved through boundary determinations.
Conclusion
Francis Buchanan was hired by the British East India Company to conduct a detailed survey of the areas under their jurisdiction. This survey aimed to gather information about the resources, infrastructure, communication networks, demographics, and boundaries of the territories. By having comprehensive data, the EIC could govern these regions more efficiently and exploit their resources for economic gain.
To make sure you are not studying endlessly, EduRev has designed UPSC study material, with Structured Courses, Videos, & Test Series. Plus get personalized analysis, doubt solving and improvement plans to achieve a great score in UPSC.