Key Areas of Focus in Nutrition and Food Science studied in Home Science for Class 12 Humanities:

1. Diet and Nutrition:
- Understanding the concept of a balanced diet and its importance in maintaining good health.
- Studying the different nutrients required by the human body and their functions.
- Analyzing the nutritional value of various food groups and their impact on overall health.
- Exploring the role of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the diet.
- Learning about the daily recommended intake of nutrients for different age groups.

2. Food Preservation and Processing:
- Understanding the various methods of food preservation, such as canning, freezing, drying, and fermentation.
- Exploring the principles of food processing and its significance in maintaining food quality and safety.
- Studying the techniques used in food packaging and labeling to ensure consumer protection.
- Analyzing the impact of food additives and preservatives on human health.

3. Food Safety and Hygiene:
- Learning about the importance of maintaining proper food safety and hygiene practices in handling, storing, and preparing food.
- Studying the causes and prevention of foodborne illnesses and understanding the role of microorganisms in food spoilage.
- Exploring food safety regulations and standards to ensure the quality and safety of food products.
- Understanding the principles of personal hygiene and its significance in preventing food contamination.

4. Cookery and Meal Planning:
- Learning various cooking methods and techniques for preparing nutritious and balanced meals.
- Understanding the principles of meal planning, including menu selection, portion control, and food combination.
- Exploring the cultural and regional variations in cooking styles, ingredients, and traditional recipes.
- Studying the impact of cooking on the nutritional value of food and the preservation of nutrients.

5. Food and Nutrition in Special Conditions:
- Understanding the nutritional requirements during different life stages, such as pregnancy, infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age.
- Exploring the dietary modifications required for individuals with specific health conditions, such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and food allergies.
- Studying the role of nutrition in the prevention and management of various diseases and disorders.

In conclusion, the study of nutrition and food science in home science for Class 12 Humanities focuses on understanding the importance of a balanced diet, food preservation and processing techniques, food safety and hygiene practices, cookery and meal planning, and the impact of nutrition on different life stages and health conditions. This knowledge equips students with the skills to make informed decisions about their food choices, promoting a healthy and sustainable lifestyle.