Introduction:
The idea of non-cooperation emerged as a powerful tool during various social movements in history. Different social groups conceived of this idea in different ways, depending on their specific circumstances and objectives. Let's explore how some of these social groups conceived the idea of non-cooperation:

The Indian National Congress:
1. Boycott of British goods: The Indian National Congress, during the Indian independence movement, advocated for the boycott of British goods as a form of non-cooperation. They believed that by refusing to purchase British products, the Indian people could economically weaken the British Empire and assert their own independence.
2. Non-payment of taxes: Another way the Indian National Congress conceived of non-cooperation was through the non-payment of taxes. They encouraged Indians to refuse to pay taxes to the British government, which they viewed as a means of defying British authority and exerting pressure for self-governance.
3. Civil disobedience: The Indian National Congress also promoted civil disobedience as a form of non-cooperation. They encouraged Indians to peacefully protest against unjust laws, participate in strikes, and refuse to obey British authorities in order to challenge their power.

The Civil Rights Movement in the United States:
1. Sit-ins and protests: African Americans during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States conceived of non-cooperation by organizing sit-ins and protests at segregated establishments. By refusing to leave until they were served or treated equally, they aimed to challenge racial segregation and discrimination.
2. Bus boycotts: One of the most significant non-cooperation strategies employed by the Civil Rights Movement was the Montgomery Bus Boycott. African Americans refused to ride segregated buses, opting for carpools and walking instead. This action aimed to challenge the discriminatory policies of the bus company and promote equal rights.
3. Freedom Rides: The Freedom Rides were another form of non-cooperation used by the Civil Rights Movement. Activists rode interstate buses to challenge segregation and racial discrimination in public transportation. Despite facing violence and arrests, they aimed to bring attention to the injustice and push for change.

The Suffragette Movement:
1. Protests and demonstrations: The suffragettes, who fought for women's right to vote, conceived of non-cooperation through protests and demonstrations. They organized marches, rallies, and hunger strikes to demand equal voting rights for women. These acts of non-cooperation aimed to disrupt the system and draw attention to their cause.
2. Civil disobedience: Suffragettes also practiced civil disobedience by refusing to cooperate with authorities. They chained themselves to railings, disrupted public meetings, and even committed acts of vandalism. These actions aimed to challenge the existing power structures and force the government to address their demands.

Conclusion:
Different social groups conceived of the idea of non-cooperation in various ways, depending on their specific goals and circumstances. Whether through boycotts, protests, civil disobedience, or other forms of resistance, non-cooperation has been a powerful tool used by social movements to challenge injustice and demand change.