H2SO4 , H2CO3 , HCl, HNO3: Finding the Odd One Out

Introduction:
In order to identify the odd one out among H2SO4, H2CO3, HCl, and HNO3, we need to analyze the properties and composition of each compound. By comparing their chemical formulas and characteristics, we can determine which compound does not fit with the others.

1. H2SO4 (Sulfuric Acid):
Sulfuric acid, represented by the chemical formula H2SO4, is a strong and highly corrosive acid. It is commonly used in various industries and laboratory applications. Sulfuric acid is a diprotic acid, meaning it can donate two protons (H+) per molecule during a chemical reaction.

2. H2CO3 (Carbonic Acid):
Carbonic acid, denoted by the chemical formula H2CO3, is a weak acid that exists only in solution. It is formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water, leading to the formation of carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is responsible for the slight acidity in carbonated beverages. It is a diprotic acid like sulfuric acid.

3. HCl (Hydrochloric Acid):
Hydrochloric acid, represented by the chemical formula HCl, is a strong acid that is commonly used in industrial processes and laboratories. It is a monoprotic acid, meaning it can donate only one proton (H+) per molecule during a chemical reaction.

4. HNO3 (Nitric Acid):
Nitric acid, denoted by the chemical formula HNO3, is a strong and highly corrosive acid. It is widely used in the production of fertilizers, explosives, and various chemical compounds. Nitric acid is a monoprotic acid.

Analysis:
Now let's compare the characteristics of each compound to identify the odd one out:

- Both sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3) are strong acids, while carbonic acid (H2CO3) is a weak acid.
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is also a strong acid, similar to sulfuric acid and nitric acid.

Conclusion:
By comparing the properties and characteristics of the given compounds, we can conclude that the odd one out is H2CO3 (Carbonic Acid). This is because all the other compounds (H2SO4, HCl, and HNO3) are strong acids, while carbonic acid is a weak acid. Additionally, carbonic acid is the only compound that is formed by the dissolution of carbon dioxide in water, whereas the other compounds do not involve carbon dioxide in their formation.