Introduction:
Ashoka, also known as Ashoka the Great, was an ancient Indian emperor who ruled the Maurya dynasty from 268 to 232 BCE. He played a significant role in the spread of Buddhism throughout India and other parts of the world. Ashoka's contributions to the propagation of Buddhism were instrumental in its transformation from a regional religion to a global phenomenon.

1. Conversion to Buddhism:
- After witnessing the horrors of war during the Kalinga War, Ashoka experienced a profound change of heart and embraced Buddhism.
- His conversion to Buddhism marked a pivotal moment in the history of the religion and provided it with royal patronage and support.

2. Edicts and Inscriptions:
- Ashoka issued a series of edicts and inscriptions across his empire, which were inscribed on pillars, rocks, and caves.
- These edicts contained Buddhist teachings, moral principles, and messages of tolerance and non-violence.
- They were written in various regional languages, making them accessible to a wide audience and promoting the spread of Buddhism among the common people.

3. Missionary Efforts:
- Ashoka sent Buddhist missionaries to different parts of the Indian subcontinent and beyond, including Sri Lanka, Nepal, Afghanistan, and even as far as Egypt and Greece.
- These missionaries, known as Dharma Mahamatras, played a crucial role in spreading the teachings of Buddhism and establishing monastic communities.

4. Support for Buddhist Institutions:
- Ashoka provided extensive support and patronage to Buddhist monasteries, monks, and nuns.
- He built numerous monastic complexes, such as the Mahavihara in Pataliputra, which became centers for Buddhist learning and practice.
- Ashoka also donated land, wealth, and resources to support the growth and maintenance of these institutions.

5. Pilgrimage and Sacred Sites:
- Ashoka identified and marked important Buddhist pilgrimage sites, such as the birthplace of Gautama Buddha in Lumbini and the site of his enlightenment in Bodh Gaya.
- He constructed stupas, pillars, and other structures at these sites, attracting pilgrims and facilitating the spread of Buddhism.

Conclusion:
Ashoka's contributions to the spread of Buddhism were multifaceted and far-reaching. His conversion, issuance of edicts, support for Buddhist institutions, missionary efforts, and identification of sacred sites all played a crucial role in the growth and dissemination of Buddhism during his reign. Ashoka's legacy as a patron and promoter of Buddhism continues to inspire millions of followers around the world.