Introduction:
The Mongols launched a series of attacks on the Delhi Sultanate during the years 1299-1301. These attacks were aimed at expanding the Mongol Empire and gaining control over the prosperous region of Northern India. During this period, the Sultan of Delhi was Alauddin Khilji, who played a crucial role in defending the Delhi Sultanate against the Mongol invasions.

Alauddin Khilji's Reign:
Alauddin Khilji ruled as the Sultan of Delhi from 1296 to 1316. He was the second ruler of the Khilji dynasty and is known for his military prowess and administrative reforms. Alauddin Khilji is often considered one of the most powerful and successful rulers of the Delhi Sultanate.

The Mongol Invasions:
The Mongols, under the leadership of their commander, Qutlugh Khwaja, launched a series of invasions on the Delhi Sultanate during the years 1299-1301. These invasions were part of the Mongol Empire's larger campaign to expand its territories and establish dominance over various regions.

Alauddin Khilji's Response:
Alauddin Khilji responded to the Mongol invasions with strategic planning and military strength. He realized the threat posed by the Mongols and took several measures to defend the Delhi Sultanate against their attacks.

Strengthening the Army:
Alauddin Khilji strengthened the Delhi Sultanate's army by introducing various reforms. He increased the number of soldiers, improved their training, and enhanced the overall military infrastructure. These measures helped the Sultanate to withstand the Mongol attacks.

Fortification of Cities:
To protect his kingdom from the Mongol invasions, Alauddin Khilji fortified several cities, including Delhi, Siri, and Kilokri. He built strong fortifications, walls, and moats around these cities to make them more defensible. These fortifications acted as a deterrent against Mongol attacks and provided security to the Sultanate.

Strategic Alliances:
Alauddin Khilji also formed strategic alliances with neighboring kingdoms to counter the Mongol threat. He established diplomatic relations with the Rajput kingdoms of Ranthambore and Chittor, as well as with the Yadava dynasty of Devagiri. These alliances helped in strengthening the overall defense against the Mongols.

Conclusion:
Alauddin Khilji's reign as the Sultan of Delhi coincided with the Mongol invasions of 1299-1301. His strategic planning, military reforms, fortifications, and alliances played a crucial role in defending the Delhi Sultanate against the Mongol attacks. Alauddin Khilji's leadership and military prowess ensured that the Delhi Sultanate successfully repelled the Mongol invasions during this period.