Medical Terminologies for Exam Preparation

When preparing for a medical exam, it is important to familiarize yourself with various medical terminologies and terms that are commonly used in the field. Here are some key terminologies to focus on:

Anatomy and Physiology:
- Anatomy: The study of the structure and organization of the human body.
- Physiology: The study of how the body functions and the processes that occur within it.

Diagnostic Tests and Procedures:
- Biopsy: The removal of a small sample of tissue for examination to diagnose a disease.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG): A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): A non-invasive imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the body's organs and tissues.
- X-ray: A diagnostic test that uses electromagnetic radiation to produce images of the internal structures of the body.

Diseases and Conditions:
- Hypertension: High blood pressure.
- Diabetes Mellitus: A chronic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels due to insufficient insulin production or ineffective use of insulin.
- Arthritis: Inflammation of one or more joints, causing pain and stiffness.
- Pneumonia: An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, which may be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.

Medical Procedures and Treatments:
- Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR): An emergency procedure performed to manually pump blood and provide artificial respiration in case of cardiac arrest.
- Intravenous (IV) Therapy: The administration of fluids, medications, or nutrients directly into a patient's bloodstream using a needle or catheter.
- Surgery: A medical procedure performed to treat or correct a condition or injury through incisions in the body.

Pharmacology:
- Drug Interactions: The effects that occur when two or more drugs interact with each other, altering their effectiveness or producing adverse reactions.
- Side Effects: Unintended and often undesirable effects of a medication or treatment.
- Dosage: The amount of medication prescribed or recommended to be taken at a given time.

Medical Ethics and Terminology:
- Confidentiality: The ethical and legal obligation to protect patient information and maintain privacy.
- Informed Consent: The process of obtaining permission from a patient after providing adequate information about a medical procedure or treatment.
- Hippocratic Oath: An ancient ethical code for medical professionals, emphasizing principles such as confidentiality, beneficence, and non-maleficence.

It is important to note that the above list is not exhaustive, and the specific medical terminologies you should be familiar with may vary depending on the nature of the exam you are preparing for. It is recommended to consult the syllabus or exam guidelines to identify the key terminologies that you should focus on.