Cooperative Federalism principle in India

Cooperative federalism is a principle of governance in which the central government and the state governments work together to solve common problems and implement policies for the betterment of the country. In India, this principle is enshrined in the Constitution and is reflected in various aspects of the country's governance structure.

Explanation of the correct answer: Option B

- Allocating central funds to states for implementing welfare schemes: This is an example of cooperative federalism in India. The central government provides funds to the state governments for implementing various welfare schemes such as healthcare, education, rural development, and poverty alleviation. These funds are allocated based on the needs and priorities of the states, and the state governments are responsible for implementing the schemes on the ground. This partnership between the central and state governments allows for effective implementation of welfare programs and ensures that the benefits reach the intended beneficiaries.

- Imposing President's Rule in a state without the consent of the Governor: This is not an example of cooperative federalism. President's Rule is imposed in a state when there is a breakdown of constitutional machinery and the state government is unable to function according to the provisions of the Constitution. In such cases, the central government takes over the administration of the state. While this may be necessary in certain situations, it is not an example of cooperative federalism as it involves the central government directly taking control without the consent of the state government.

- Allowing states to have their own separate Constitution: This is not an example of cooperative federalism. In India, there is a single Constitution that applies to the entire country. While states have their own legislative bodies and can make laws within their jurisdiction, the Constitution of India is supreme and provides a framework for the functioning of both the central and state governments. All states are bound by the provisions of the Constitution and must work within its framework.

- Transferring the state police to the central government's control during emergencies: This is not an example of cooperative federalism. While the central government can provide assistance to states during emergencies, transferring the control of state police to the central government is an extreme measure and is generally not practiced. The state police are primarily responsible for maintaining law and order within their respective states, and the central government intervenes only in exceptional circumstances. This does not reflect the spirit of cooperative federalism, as it involves the central government directly taking control without the cooperation of the state government.

Conclusion

Of the given options, allocating central funds to states for implementing welfare schemes is the best example of the cooperative federalism principle in India. This practice ensures collaboration between the central and state governments and allows for the effective implementation of welfare programs for the benefit of the people.