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Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:
Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.
When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.
Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.
[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]
Q. In the passage provided, which country's name is substituted with '[2]'?
  • a)
    Germany
  • b)
    Netherlands
  • c)
    Poland
  • d)
    Bulgaria
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questio...
In the passage above, the country that has been substituted with '[2]' is Bulgaria.
Additional Information:
  • Bulgaria has received an exemption that allows it to continue importing crude oil and petroleum products via maritime transport until the conclusion of 2024.
  • On the 24th of February, 2022, Russia initiated a significant escalation of the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War by invading Ukraine. This conflict originally commenced in 2014.
  • The European Union (EU) and Western nations have imposed unprecedented sanctions against Russia as a response to the unprovoked and unjustified invasion of Ukraine, as well as the illegal annexation of several regions in Ukraine, including Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, and Kherson.
Therefore, option D is the accurate answer.
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Community Answer
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questio...
Understanding the Context
The passage discusses the significant impact of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on its energy market in Europe, particularly in the context of crude oil and natural gas exports. It highlights the rapid decline of Russian energy sales to Europe and the challenges Russia faces in finding alternative markets.
Identifying the Country
In the passage, the placeholder [2] is crucial for understanding which country was the last to import Russian crude oil before the sanctions took effect. The options provided are:
- a) Germany
- b) Netherlands
- c) Poland
- d) Bulgaria
Reasons for Choosing Bulgaria
- Temporary Exemption: The passage states that by December 5, when the EU ban on seaborne imports took effect, only [2] had secured a temporary exemption. This implies that the country in question was still allowed to import Russian crude despite the sanctions.
- Market Dynamics: Bulgaria has historically been more reliant on Russian energy imports compared to other European nations. This dependency would make it more likely for Bulgaria to negotiate exemptions.
- Contextual Clues: The surrounding discussion emphasizes the dwindling flow of crude oil from Russia to Europe, indicating that the country mentioned in [2] was the last holdout for Russian crude imports.
Conclusion
Given these considerations, the correct answer is indeed d) Bulgaria, as it fits the narrative of being the last significant market for Russian crude oil amid the sanctions imposed by the EU.
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Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.During the Russia-Ukraine war, what was the name of the operation initiated by the Indian Government to repatriate Indians from Ukraine?

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.Nord Stream comprises two undersea natural gas pipelines in Europe, extending from Russia beneath the Baltic Sea to which destination?

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Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.In the passage provided, which countrys name is substituted with [2]?a)Germanyb)Netherlandsc)Polandd)BulgariaCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.In the passage provided, which countrys name is substituted with [2]?a)Germanyb)Netherlandsc)Polandd)BulgariaCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.In the passage provided, which countrys name is substituted with [2]?a)Germanyb)Netherlandsc)Polandd)BulgariaCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.In the passage provided, which countrys name is substituted with [2]?a)Germanyb)Netherlandsc)Polandd)BulgariaCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.In the passage provided, which countrys name is substituted with [2]?a)Germanyb)Netherlandsc)Polandd)BulgariaCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CLAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CLAT Exam by signing up for free.
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By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.In the passage provided, which countrys name is substituted with [2]?a)Germanyb)Netherlandsc)Polandd)BulgariaCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.In the passage provided, which countrys name is substituted with [2]?a)Germanyb)Netherlandsc)Polandd)BulgariaCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.In the passage provided, which countrys name is substituted with [2]?a)Germanyb)Netherlandsc)Polandd)BulgariaCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.In the passage provided, which countrys name is substituted with [2]?a)Germanyb)Netherlandsc)Polandd)BulgariaCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:Russia spent almost 50 years building its energy market in Europe. [1] destroyed it in under 50 weeks. Finding a replacement will be almost impossible. While Russia has found alternative markets for its crude oil, mostly in India, switching sales of refined products and — perhaps even more so — natural gas will take years and come at huge cost. That’s if it’s even possible to create markets as the world turns away from fossil fuels.When Moscow’s troops invaded Ukraine on February 24, its European energy customers took fright. A market that soaked up nearly 2.5 million barrels a day of crude, another 1 million barrels of refined products and 155 billion cubic meters a year of natural gas has all but disappeared.Crude flows from Russia to parts of Europe began to dwindle soon after [1] troops crossed the border. By Dec. 5, when a European Union ban on seaborne imports of Russian crude came into effect, they were already down to a trickle, with [2], which secured a temporary exemption, the only remaining market. The flow of refined products is following the same trajectory ahead of similar sanctions that come into effect on Feb. 5.[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “Russia can’t replace Europe, no matter how much oil India buys”, by Julian Lee, Bloomberg, The Economic Times]Q.In the passage provided, which countrys name is substituted with [2]?a)Germanyb)Netherlandsc)Polandd)BulgariaCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CLAT tests.
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