The prime source of taxonomic studies is the collection of actual specimens. This refers to the process of physically gathering organisms from their natural habitats for further examination and analysis. Taxonomy is the branch of science that deals with the identification, classification, and naming of organisms, and it relies heavily on the collection and study of specimens.

- Importance of Specimens in Taxonomic Studies:

1. Authenticity and Accuracy:
- The collection of actual specimens ensures the authenticity and accuracy of taxonomic studies. By examining the physical characteristics, morphology, and anatomy of organisms, taxonomists can accurately identify and classify them.
- The use of specimens allows taxonomists to compare and contrast different characteristics, enabling them to differentiate between similar species and accurately assign them to their respective taxonomic groups.

2. Detailed Examination:
- Specimens provide taxonomists with the opportunity to conduct detailed examinations and investigations.
- By observing various features such as color, shape, size, and structure, taxonomists can gather valuable information about the organisms, which helps in their proper classification and identification.

3. Reference for Future Studies:
- Specimens serve as a reference for future studies, allowing taxonomists to revisit and reexamine them to verify previous findings or conduct new research.
- These collections act as a valuable resource for taxonomic studies, allowing scientists to compare and study different specimens from various regions and time periods.

4. DNA Analysis and Molecular Studies:
- Specimens play a crucial role in DNA analysis and molecular studies. DNA can be extracted from specimens, allowing scientists to study the genetic makeup of organisms.
- This genetic information provides insights into evolutionary relationships, phylogenetic analysis, and species identification.

- Conclusion:
The collection of actual specimens is the prime source of taxonomic studies because it provides authenticity, accuracy, and detailed information about organisms. These specimens act as a reference for future studies and enable DNA analysis and molecular studies, contributing to our understanding of biodiversity and the classification of organisms. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C' - Collection of actual specimens.