Understanding Metallurgical Coal
Metallurgical coal, also known as coking coal, is a specific type of coal used primarily in the production of steel through the smelting of iron ore. Among the different types of coal, bituminous coal is the most suitable for this purpose.
Types of Coal
- Anthracite: This is the highest rank of coal, known for its high carbon content and low volatile matter. While it burns cleanly and produces a high heat output, it is not suitable for coking due to its low plasticity.
- Bituminous: This type of coal is characterized by its high carbon content and ability to soften when heated. When bituminous coal is subjected to high temperatures, it undergoes a process called coking, which produces coke. Coke is essential in the iron and steel-making process as it serves as a reducing agent and fuel.
- Lignite: Known as brown coal, lignite has a lower carbon content and higher moisture content. It is not suitable for metallurgical processes due to its poor coking properties.
- Peat: This is the initial stage of coal formation and is not considered a true coal. It has high moisture content and low carbon content, making it unsuitable for metallurgical use.
Conclusion
In summary, the correct answer is option 'B', bituminous coal, because it possesses the ideal properties required for the coking process, making it indispensable in the production of steel from iron ore. Its ability to produce coke, which fuels the smelting process, sets it apart from other types of coal.