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Consider the following statements regarding the Global Positioning System:
- It consists of 24 satellites moving around the earth in six orbits.
- Its satellites broadcast radio signals containing information about their locations in orbit.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- a)1 only
- b)2 only
- c)Both 1 and 2
- d)Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Consider the following statements regarding the Global Positioning Sys...
Global Positioning System (GPS)
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. It is a widely used technology for navigation, mapping, surveying, and many other applications.
Statement 1: It consists of 24 satellites moving around the earth in six orbits.
This statement is correct. The GPS system consists of a constellation of 24 satellites that orbit the Earth. These satellites are evenly distributed in six orbital planes, with four satellites in each plane. The orbits are arranged in such a way that at any given time, there are at least four satellites visible from any point on Earth's surface. This allows the GPS receiver to accurately determine the user's location by receiving signals from multiple satellites.
Statement 2: Its satellites broadcast radio signals containing information about their locations in orbit.
This statement is also correct. Each GPS satellite continuously broadcasts radio signals that contain precise timing information and orbital parameters. These signals are transmitted on multiple frequencies and contain data about the satellite's location, velocity, and the time the signal was transmitted. GPS receivers on the ground pick up these signals and use the information to calculate their own position.
The GPS satellites operate in medium Earth orbit (MEO), at an altitude of approximately 20,200 kilometers (12,550 miles). They move around the Earth at a speed of about 14,000 kilometers per hour (8,700 miles per hour). The satellites are equipped with highly accurate atomic clocks to ensure precise timing of the signals.
Conclusion:
Both statements are correct. The Global Positioning System consists of 24 satellites moving around the Earth in six orbits, and these satellites broadcast radio signals containing information about their locations in orbit. These signals are received by GPS receivers on the ground, which use the information to accurately determine the user's location.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. It is a widely used technology for navigation, mapping, surveying, and many other applications.
Statement 1: It consists of 24 satellites moving around the earth in six orbits.
This statement is correct. The GPS system consists of a constellation of 24 satellites that orbit the Earth. These satellites are evenly distributed in six orbital planes, with four satellites in each plane. The orbits are arranged in such a way that at any given time, there are at least four satellites visible from any point on Earth's surface. This allows the GPS receiver to accurately determine the user's location by receiving signals from multiple satellites.
Statement 2: Its satellites broadcast radio signals containing information about their locations in orbit.
This statement is also correct. Each GPS satellite continuously broadcasts radio signals that contain precise timing information and orbital parameters. These signals are transmitted on multiple frequencies and contain data about the satellite's location, velocity, and the time the signal was transmitted. GPS receivers on the ground pick up these signals and use the information to calculate their own position.
The GPS satellites operate in medium Earth orbit (MEO), at an altitude of approximately 20,200 kilometers (12,550 miles). They move around the Earth at a speed of about 14,000 kilometers per hour (8,700 miles per hour). The satellites are equipped with highly accurate atomic clocks to ensure precise timing of the signals.
Conclusion:
Both statements are correct. The Global Positioning System consists of 24 satellites moving around the Earth in six orbits, and these satellites broadcast radio signals containing information about their locations in orbit. These signals are received by GPS receivers on the ground, which use the information to accurately determine the user's location.
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Consider the following statements regarding the Global Positioning Sys...
From civilians to the military, from precision scientific studies to urban planning and disaster risk estimation, Global Positioning System has significantly changed our expectations of where we are and our sense of place.
- The U.S. Department of Defence started the GPS programme in 1973 and launched the first satellite in 1978.
- The modern GPS satellite constellation consists of 24 satellites moving around the earth in six orbits.
- Each satellite completes two orbits in a single day.
- The overall programme has three main components:
- Space segment: It consists of the 24 satellites. The six orbits they occupy are all 20,200 km above the earth, and each orbit has four satellites at all times. In this configuration, anyone on the earth will be able to ‘see’ at least four satellites at a time.
- Control segment: It consists of a global network of ground-brd control stations and antennae that track the 24 satellites, make sure their performance is as expected at all times, and transmit commands.
- User segment: It pertains to the use of GPS in various sectors and applications. The major sectors include agriculture, construction, surveying, logistics, telecommunications, power transmission, search and rescue, air travel, meteorology, seismology, and military operations.
How does GPS work?
- Each GPS satellite continuously broadcasts a radio signal containing information about its location in orbit, operational status, and the time at which the signal is emitted.
- The signals are transmitted at the L1 (1,575.42 MHz) and the L2 (1,227.6 MHz) frequencies at 50 bits/second.
- The signals are encoded with code-division multiple access.
- This allows multiple signals to be transmitted in the same channel and for a receiver to be able to disentangle them.
- There are two encoding types: the coarse/acquisition mode, which civilians can use to access coarse GPS data, and the precise mode, which is encrypted and is for military use.
- Being an electromagnetic signal, the radio waves travel at the speed of light.
- If the receiver has access to signals from four satellites, it will have the information required to calculate its location in four dimensions (three of space plus one of time relative to the satellite clock) – and can thus accurately triangulate its location on the ground.
- This informs the need for every point on the earth being able to ‘see’ four satellites at a time.
Hence both statements are correct.
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Consider the following statements regarding the Global Positioning System: It consists of 24 satellites moving around the earth in six orbits. Its satellites broadcast radio signals containing information about their locations in orbit.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)2 onlyc)Both 1 and 2d)Neither 1 nor 2Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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