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With reference to changes introduced into the tribal economy by the British Administration in India, which of the
following reasons compelled tribals to rise against the British rulers?
1. The British administration restricted the entry of a large number of moneylenders, traders, and revenue
farmers as middlemen in the tribal areas.
2. The Indian Forest Act of 1865 extended British colonialism's claim over forests in India.
3. The British administration introduced a system of forced labour (begar) in tribal areas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
following reasons compelled tribals to rise against the British rulers?
1. The British administration restricted the entry of a large number of moneylenders, traders, and revenue
farmers as middlemen in the tribal areas.
2. The Indian Forest Act of 1865 extended British colonialism's claim over forests in India.
3. The British administration introduced a system of forced labour (begar) in tribal areas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- a)2 only
- b)2 and 3 only
- c)3 only
- d)1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
With reference to changes introduced intothe tribal economy by the Bri...
Introduction:
The British administration in India introduced several changes in the tribal economy which led to the rising discontent among the tribals. This eventually compelled them to rise against the British rulers. Three key reasons can be identified as major factors that contributed to this discontent.
Statement 1: The British administration restricted the entry of moneylenders, traders, and revenue farmers as middlemen in the tribal areas.
- The tribal economy was traditionally based on subsistence agriculture and barter system.
- The entry of moneylenders, traders, and revenue farmers disrupted the traditional economy and exploited the tribals.
- The restriction imposed by the British administration on these middlemen was seen as a positive step by the tribals.
- This restriction helped in reducing their exploitation and retaining control over their resources.
Statement 2: The Indian Forest Act of 1865 extended British colonialism's claim over forests in India.
- The tribal communities have historically depended on forests for their livelihoods, including hunting, gathering, and shifting agriculture.
- The Forest Act gave the British administration significant control over forest resources, leading to the eviction of tribals from their ancestral lands.
- The tribals faced restrictions on entry into forests, collection of forest produce, and hunting.
- This led to a loss of their traditional livelihoods and created a sense of deprivation among the tribals.
Statement 3: The British administration introduced a system of forced labor (begar) in tribal areas.
- The system of forced labor, known as begar, was introduced by the British administration in the tribal areas.
- The tribals were forced to provide unpaid labor for infrastructure projects like building roads, bridges, and railways.
- This exploitative system further worsened the conditions of the tribals, causing resentment and discontent.
- The forced labor system violated the rights and dignity of the tribals, leading to their resistance against the British rulers.
Conclusion:
All three statements are correct. The restrictions on middlemen, control over forests, and the introduction of forced labor were significant factors that compelled the tribals to rise against the British rulers. These changes disrupted their traditional economy, deprived them of their resources, and subjected them to exploitative practices. The resistance of the tribals against the British administration reflects their struggle to protect their rights, livelihoods, and cultural identity.
The British administration in India introduced several changes in the tribal economy which led to the rising discontent among the tribals. This eventually compelled them to rise against the British rulers. Three key reasons can be identified as major factors that contributed to this discontent.
Statement 1: The British administration restricted the entry of moneylenders, traders, and revenue farmers as middlemen in the tribal areas.
- The tribal economy was traditionally based on subsistence agriculture and barter system.
- The entry of moneylenders, traders, and revenue farmers disrupted the traditional economy and exploited the tribals.
- The restriction imposed by the British administration on these middlemen was seen as a positive step by the tribals.
- This restriction helped in reducing their exploitation and retaining control over their resources.
Statement 2: The Indian Forest Act of 1865 extended British colonialism's claim over forests in India.
- The tribal communities have historically depended on forests for their livelihoods, including hunting, gathering, and shifting agriculture.
- The Forest Act gave the British administration significant control over forest resources, leading to the eviction of tribals from their ancestral lands.
- The tribals faced restrictions on entry into forests, collection of forest produce, and hunting.
- This led to a loss of their traditional livelihoods and created a sense of deprivation among the tribals.
Statement 3: The British administration introduced a system of forced labor (begar) in tribal areas.
- The system of forced labor, known as begar, was introduced by the British administration in the tribal areas.
- The tribals were forced to provide unpaid labor for infrastructure projects like building roads, bridges, and railways.
- This exploitative system further worsened the conditions of the tribals, causing resentment and discontent.
- The forced labor system violated the rights and dignity of the tribals, leading to their resistance against the British rulers.
Conclusion:
All three statements are correct. The restrictions on middlemen, control over forests, and the introduction of forced labor were significant factors that compelled the tribals to rise against the British rulers. These changes disrupted their traditional economy, deprived them of their resources, and subjected them to exploitative practices. The resistance of the tribals against the British administration reflects their struggle to protect their rights, livelihoods, and cultural identity.
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With reference to changes introduced intothe tribal economy by the Bri...
- Tribal movements under British rule were the most frequent, militant, and violent of all movements. The land settlements of the British affected the joint ownership tradition among the tribals and disrupted their social fabric.
- The cause of the tribal violence was directed towards the money-lenders and traders who were seen as extensions of the colonial government. As agriculture was extended in a settled form by the Company government, the tribals lost their land, and there was an influx of non-tribals to these areas due to colonial revenue policies. The money lenders introduced in the tribal areas led to severe exploitation of the local tribals. They became bonded labourers under the new economic system. The tribal societies had a system of joint ownership of land which was replaced by the notion of private property. Hence statement 1 is not correct.
- Another common cause was the resentment against the imposition of laws by the ‘foreign government’ that was seen as an effort at destroying the tribal's traditional socio-economic framework. The Indian Forest Act of 1865 extended British colonialism's claim over forests in India. o Its main aim was an assertion of the monopoly of the British over the Indian forest land, and it gave the government undisputable power to regulate the forest and pastures. It enabled the Revenue and Forest Department to control the entire forest and grazing land. Some forests were classified as Reserved Forests for they produced timber that the British wanted. In these forests, people were not allowed to move freely, practice jhum cultivation, collect fruits, or hunt animals. Hence statement 2 is correct.
- The Begar system of forced labour was introduced in tribal areas as well that had altered labour relations. An influx of Christian Missionaries was supported by the British. The reason behind intense tribal rebellion is that zamindars, the Police, the revenue, and the court alas have exercised a combined system of extortions, oppressive exactions, forcible dispossession of property, abuse, and personal violence, and a variety of petty tyrannies upon the tribals. Hence statement 3 is correct.
- Under British rule, the functions and powers of the tribal chiefs changed considerably. They were allowed to keep their land titles over a cluster of villages and rent out lands as zamindars but they lost much of their administrative power and were forced to follow laws made by British officials in India.
- They also had to pay tribute to the British, and discipline the tribal groups on behalf of the British. They lost the authority they had earlier enjoyed amongst their people and were unable to fulfill their traditional functions.
- All these reasons compelled tribals to rise against the British rulers.
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With reference to changes introduced intothe tribal economy by the BritishAdministration in India, which of thefollowing reasons compelled tribals to riseagainst the British rulers?1. The British administration restricted theentry of a large number ofmoneylenders, traders, and revenuefarmers as middlemen in the tribal areas.2. The Indian Forest Act of 1865 extendedBritish colonialisms claim over forestsin India.3. The British administration introduced asystem of forced labour (begar) in tribalareas.Which of the statements given above is/arecorrect?a)2 onlyb)2 and 3 onlyc)3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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