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A dairyman pays Rs. 6.4 per litre for milk. He adds water and sells the mixture at Rs. 8 per liter, thereby making 37.5% profit. The ratio of water to milk received by the customer is:
  • a)
    1:5
  • b)
    1:10
  • c)
    1:20
  • d)
    1:12
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
A dairyman pays Rs. 6.4 per litre for milk. He adds water and sells th...
Let the quantity of milk purchased be x litres and quantity of water added to it be y litres.
Then ratio of water to milk will be y:x.
Now, CP of x litres milk = Rs. 6.4x and
S.P of the mixture when y litres of water is added to x litres of milk = Rs. 8(x + y)
And profit percent = 37.5%
Now, SP = CP × (100 + Profit%)
So, 8 (x + y) = 6.4x × (100 + 37.5)/100
Or 8x + 8y = 8.8x
Or 8y = 0.8x
Or x/y = 80/8 = 10/1
Or y:x  = 1:10
Hence, option (b) is correct. 
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Community Answer
A dairyman pays Rs. 6.4 per litre for milk. He adds water and sells th...
Given Data:
- Cost price of milk = Rs. 6.4 per liter
- Selling price of the mixture = Rs. 8 per liter
- Profit margin = 37.5%

Solution:

Step 1: Calculate the selling price of milk
Let the cost price of 1 liter of milk be Rs. x
As the dairyman sells the mixture at Rs. 8 per liter, he must be selling 1 liter of milk for Rs. 6.4 (since he mixes it with water)
According to the question, the dairyman makes a profit of 37.5% on the selling price.
Therefore, the selling price of milk = cost price of milk + 37.5% of cost price of milk
Selling price of milk = x + 0.375x = 1.375x
Given that selling price of milk is Rs. 6.4
1.375x = 6.4
x = 6.4 / 1.375
x = 4.65
So, the dairyman buys 1 liter of milk for Rs. 4.65.

Step 2: Calculate the cost of water added
Cost of 1 liter of water = Cost of selling price of mixture - Cost of 1 liter of milk
Cost of 1 liter of water = Rs. 8 - Rs. 4.65
Cost of 1 liter of water = Rs. 3.35

Step 3: Calculate the ratio of water to milk
Ratio of water to milk = Cost of water / Cost of milk
Ratio of water to milk = Rs. 3.35 / Rs. 4.65
Ratio of water to milk = 1:10
Therefore, the ratio of water to milk received by the customer is 1:10. Option B is the correct answer.
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A dairyman pays Rs. 6.4 per litre for milk. He adds water and sells the mixture at Rs. 8 per liter, thereby making 37.5% profit. The ratio of water to milk received by the customer is:a)1:5b)1:10c)1:20d)1:12Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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