Maxwell's Theory of Electromagnetism
James Clerk Maxwell, a renowned physicist in the 19th century, claimed that the science of optics is intimately related to that of electricity and magnetism. His theory of electromagnetism revolutionized the understanding of these two fields and their interconnection.

Optics and Electromagnetism Connection
Maxwell's theory proposed that light is an electromagnetic wave, which travels through space in the form of oscillating electric and magnetic fields. This unification of optics with electromagnetism was a groundbreaking concept that paved the way for further advancements in both fields.

Mathematical Equations
Maxwell formulated a set of four differential equations, known as Maxwell's equations, which describe the behavior of electric and magnetic fields and their interactions. These equations provided a unified framework for understanding the phenomena of light, electricity, and magnetism.

Experimental Verification
Maxwell's theory was later experimentally verified by Heinrich Hertz, who demonstrated the existence of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. This confirmation solidified the connection between optics and electromagnetism as proposed by Maxwell.

Modern Applications
The integration of optics and electromagnetism has led to numerous technological advancements, such as the development of lasers, fiber optics, and modern communication systems. Maxwell's theory continues to serve as the foundation for our understanding of light and its interactions with electromagnetic fields.
In conclusion, James Clerk Maxwell's groundbreaking theory of electromagnetism established a profound connection between optics and electricity/magnetism, shaping the course of scientific progress and technological innovation.