Which of the following is a non-polar molecule?a)O2b)HFc)NH3d)H2OCorrect answer is 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Which of the following is a non-polar molecule?&#8203;a)O2b)HFc)NH3d)H2OCorrect answer is 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Polar molecules are those which have both the poles negative as well as positive . So above we can see that HF, NH3, H2O all have both negative and positive poles but only oxygen has single pole so we can say that oxygen is an non- polar molecule.

Answer

Because o=o have same electro negativity means a similar property of attracting the atoms of each other.

Answer

Diatomic oxygen is made up of the same two elements, and they equally share the 4 electrons that make up the double bond between them. They're equally electronegative, which means that there are not any partial charges for each element. (Since neither atom pulls harder, it's non-polar .).

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Because in HF,NH3,H2O there is bond polarisation due to high difference in the electronegativity by which higher electro negative atom attract and displacethe pair of electron toward itself and got partial negative charge which make them Polar molecules while in O2 there is 0 electro negativity difference

Answer

O2

Answer

O2 becouse its vector are in same direction.

Answer

Non-polar molecules are molecules that have an equal distribution of charge and symmetry, meaning that the positive and negative charges cancel each other out. This occurs when the molecule is either symmetrical or has polar bonds that are arranged in such a way that their effects cancel each other out.

Let's examine each of the given molecules to determine which one is non-polar:

a) O2 (oxygen gas):
- Oxygen is a diatomic molecule, meaning it exists as O2.
- Each oxygen atom in O2 shares two pairs of electrons, creating a double bond.
- The oxygen-oxygen bond is non-polar because the electronegativity difference between the two atoms is zero.
- Since the molecule is symmetrical, with the two oxygen atoms arranged linearly, the dipole moments cancel each other out, resulting in a non-polar molecule.
- Therefore, O2 is a non-polar molecule.

b) HF (hydrogen fluoride):
- Hydrogen fluoride consists of one hydrogen atom bonded to one fluorine atom.
- Fluorine is significantly more electronegative than hydrogen, resulting in a polar covalent bond.
- The hydrogen-fluorine bond has a dipole moment pointing towards the fluorine atom.
- Since the molecule is not symmetrical, the dipole moments do not cancel each other out, resulting in a polar molecule.
- Therefore, HF is a polar molecule.

c) NH3 (ammonia):
- Ammonia consists of one nitrogen atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms.
- Nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen, resulting in polar covalent bonds.
- The hydrogen-nitrogen bonds have dipole moments pointing towards the nitrogen atom.
- The molecule is not symmetrical, but due to the arrangement of the bonds, the dipole moments do not cancel each other out.
- Therefore, NH3 is a polar molecule.

d) H2O (water):
- Water consists of one oxygen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
- Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, resulting in polar covalent bonds.
- The hydrogen-oxygen bonds have dipole moments pointing towards the oxygen atom.
- The molecule is not symmetrical, and the dipole moments do not cancel each other out.
- Therefore, H2O is a polar molecule.

Based on the above analysis, the correct answer is a) O2, as it is the only molecule that is symmetrical and has a cancelation of dipole moments, resulting in a non-polar molecule.

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