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Assertion (A): The establishment of the Indian National Congress in 1885 marked the beginning of an organized national movement in India.
Reason (R): The Indian National Congress was the first political association in India to include members from all over the country.
  • a)
    Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • b)
    Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • c)
    A is true, but R is false.
  • d)
    A is false, but R is true.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Assertion (A): The establishment of the Indian National Congress in 18...
Explanation:

Assertion (A):
The establishment of the Indian National Congress in 1885 marked the beginning of an organized national movement in India.

Reason (R):
The Indian National Congress was the first political association in India to include members from all over the country.

Explanation:
- Both A and R are true: The Indian National Congress was indeed established in 1885, and it played a crucial role in India's struggle for independence.
- R is not the correct explanation of A: While it is true that the Congress included members from various parts of the country, this fact alone does not fully explain why the establishment of the Congress marked the beginning of an organized national movement in India.
- The Congress provided a platform for Indians to voice their concerns, discuss political issues, and work towards common goals, which ultimately led to a more organized and unified approach to the fight for independence.
- Therefore, while both statements are true, the inclusion of members from all over the country is not the sole reason why the establishment of the Indian National Congress marked the beginning of an organized national movement in India.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
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With reference to the economic policies of the British in India and its impact, consider the following statements: India's export surplus became vital for Britains' balance of payments by the end of the nineteenth century. The organised money market was completely under the British control. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?Expalantion: The British continued to exploit India's economy. The burden of East India Company's London establishment and dividends to its shareholders was replaced after 1858, by the expenditure on the Secretary of State's India Office. The Indian debt in England which was already considerable as a result of the Company's military ventures and suppression of the mutiny was further increased, when compensation to the Company's shareholders was added to Government of India's account. Both Home charges and private remittances were channelised through Indian exports as pointed out by the nationalist economists from Dadabhai Naoroji onwards. The character of economic drain which was originally mercantilist, underwent a change and it now took the form of exploitation through free trade. In the later stage, it got linked with the structure of British Indian finance capitalism. Statement 1 is correct: In fact, India's export surplus became vital for Britains' balance of payments by the end of the nineteenth century. The British rule inhibited and curbed indigenous industry through a variety of structural constraints. The government policies actively promoted the European enterprise and discriminated against Indians. Statement 2 is not correct: The outstanding feature of the Indian money market was its dichotomy; it consisted of two fairly distinct sectors, the organized and the unorganized. These two were not entirely unconnected, but the links were rather loose. The constituents of the organized sector of the Indian money market were the Imperial Bank of India, the exchange banks, and the Indian joint-stock banks. The unorganized sector comprised the indigenous bankers, moneylenders, chit funds, nidhis, etc., etc. The co-operative credit institutions occupied a somewhat intermediate position.

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Assertion (A): The establishment of the Indian National Congress in 1885 marked the beginning of an organized national movement in India.Reason (R): The Indian National Congress was the first political association in India to include members from all over the country.a)Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.b)Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.c)A is true, but R is false.d)A is false, but R is true.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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