**The New Substance Formed in Neutralization Reaction:**

Neutralization is a chemical reaction that occurs when an acid reacts with a base to form a new substance called a salt and water. This reaction is commonly observed in our daily lives, such as when we consume antacid tablets to relieve acidity or when we mix vinegar with baking soda to create a cleaning solution. In this response, we will explore the new substance formed during a neutralization reaction and explain it in detail.

**Definition of Neutralization Reaction:**

Neutralization is a chemical reaction that involves the combination of an acid and a base, resulting in the formation of a salt and water. Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water, while bases are substances that release hydroxide ions (OH-) or accept hydrogen ions (H+). The reaction between these two substances leads to the neutralization of their acidic and basic properties.

**Formation of Salt:**

During a neutralization reaction, a salt is formed as a new substance. A salt is an ionic compound composed of positive and negative ions. It is formed by the combination of the positive ion from the base and the negative ion from the acid. For example, when hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a common neutralization reaction, the following reaction occurs:

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O

In this reaction, the hydrogen ion (H+) from the hydrochloric acid combines with the hydroxide ion (OH-) from the sodium hydroxide to form water (H2O). Simultaneously, the sodium ion (Na+) from the base combines with the chloride ion (Cl-) from the acid to form sodium chloride (NaCl), which is the salt produced.

**Formation of Water:**

In addition to the formation of a salt, water is also produced during a neutralization reaction. Water is formed by the combination of the hydrogen ion from the acid and the hydroxide ion from the base. This combination results in the formation of a covalent bond between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms, generating water molecules. In the example reaction mentioned earlier, the formation of water can be observed:

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O

**Conclusion:**

In summary, the new substance formed during a neutralization reaction is a salt and water. The salt is an ionic compound composed of positive and negative ions, while water is formed by the combination of the hydrogen ion from the acid and the hydroxide ion from the base. This reaction is essential in various applications, such as in medicine, agriculture, and everyday household uses. Understanding neutralization reactions and the substances formed can help us comprehend the chemical processes involved and their practical implications.

Acid + base = salt +water this is neutralisation reaction where salt and water are the products formed