The correct answer is option C: Bioinformatics.

Explanation:

The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific research project that aimed to determine the complete sequence of the human genome and to analyze its functions and variations. It was an enormous undertaking that involved scientists from around the world and spanned over a decade, from 1990 to 2003.

During the Human Genome Project, an immense amount of data was generated. This data included the DNA sequences of human genes, as well as information about their functions, interactions, and variations. To effectively manage and analyze this vast amount of genetic information, a new field of biology called bioinformatics emerged.

Bioinformatics is the application of computer science, statistics, and mathematics to analyze and interpret biological data. It involves the development and use of computational tools and approaches to store, organize, and analyze large datasets, such as DNA sequences and protein structures.

Here are some key points about bioinformatics and its association with the Human Genome Project:

1. Handling and storing genetic data: The Human Genome Project generated a massive amount of genetic data, including the complete sequence of the human genome. Bioinformatics plays a crucial role in managing and storing this data efficiently, allowing scientists to access and analyze it.

2. Genome assembly and annotation: Bioinformatics tools are used to assemble and annotate the human genome. Genome assembly involves piecing together short DNA sequences to reconstruct the complete genome, while annotation involves identifying and labeling genes and other functional elements in the genome.

3. Comparative genomics: Bioinformatics enables the comparison of the human genome with the genomes of other species. By comparing genetic sequences and identifying similarities and differences, scientists gain insights into the evolutionary relationships between species and the functions of specific genes.

4. Functional genomics: Bioinformatics tools are used to analyze the functions of genes and their interactions. This includes predicting the functions of genes based on their sequences, studying gene expression patterns, and determining how genes interact with each other and with other molecules.

5. Personalized medicine and genetic research: Bioinformatics is essential for personalized medicine and genetic research. It allows scientists to analyze individual genetic variations and their associations with diseases, helping to identify genetic risk factors and develop targeted therapies.

In conclusion, the Human Genome Project generated a wealth of genetic data, and bioinformatics emerged as a new field in biology to manage, analyze, and interpret this data. Bioinformatics plays a crucial role in understanding the functions and variations of the human genome, as well as in various other areas of biology and medicine.

1.the branch of molecular biology concerned with the structure, function, evolution, and mapping of genomes. 2.Genetic engineering is the act of modifying the genetic makeup of an organism. Modifications can be generated by methods such as gene targeting, nuclear transplantation, transfection of synthetic chromosomes or viral insertion 3.Bioinformatics is the application of information technology to the study of living things, usually at the molecular level.  4.Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives