A. Mitochondria
Mitochondria are double-membrane-bound organelles found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They are often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell due to their role in producing ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
- The inner membrane of mitochondria is highly folded into structures called cristae, which increase the surface area for ATP production.
- The matrix, enclosed by the inner membrane, contains enzymes involved in the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain.
- Diagram of mitochondria should show the outer membrane, inner membrane, cristae, and matrix.

B. Chloroplast
Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and some protists. They are responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy.
- The thylakoid membranes within chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, the pigment that captures sunlight.
- Stroma, the fluid-filled space surrounding the thylakoids, is where the Calvin cycle takes place.
- Diagram of chloroplast should illustrate the outer membrane, inner membrane, thylakoid membranes, chlorophyll, and stroma.

C. Golgi Apparatus
The Golgi apparatus is involved in packaging and processing proteins for secretion or for use within the cell.
- The Golgi apparatus consists of a series of flattened sacs called cisternae.
- It receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them before sending them to their final destination.
- Diagram of Golgi apparatus should show the cisternae and vesicles involved in protein transport.

D. Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of membranes found throughout the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
- Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is involved in protein synthesis.
- Smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification.
- Diagram of ER should differentiate between rough and smooth regions.

E. Prokaryotic Cell
Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles and have a simpler structure compared to eukaryotic cells.
- The DNA in prokaryotic cells is found in a region called the nucleoid.
- They have ribosomes for protein synthesis but lack mitochondria and other membrane-bound organelles.
- Diagram of a prokaryotic cell should show the cell membrane, nucleoid, ribosomes, and flagella if present.