Methods used by plants to get rid of excretory products:
1. Transpiration:
Plants get rid of excess water and certain waste products through transpiration. This process involves the loss of water vapor from the aerial parts of the plant, such as leaves and stems.
2. Respiration:
During respiration, plants release carbon dioxide as a waste product. This gas is then diffused out of the plant through small openings called stomata present on the surface of leaves.
3. Secretion:
Plants also excrete waste products through specialized structures such as glandular trichomes. These structures secrete substances like essential oils, resins, and mucilage, which help in deterring herbivores and pathogens.
4. Senescence:
As plant cells age and die, they release waste products that are then recycled by the plant. This process, known as senescence, helps in the efficient removal of unnecessary or harmful substances from the plant.
5. Root exudation:
Plants excrete various compounds through their roots, such as organic acids, enzymes, and sugars. These exudates help in nutrient acquisition, pathogen defense, and soil conditioning.
By employing these methods, plants effectively get rid of their excretory products and maintain optimal physiological functions for growth and development.