1)Briefly trace the German Unification.2)Briefly trace the unification...
German Unification:
The German Unification refers to the process in the 19th century during which the various independent German states were unified into a single nation state under the leadership of Prussia.
- The unification process was spearheaded by Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, who used a combination of diplomacy and military force to achieve his goal.
- The three key wars that played a significant role in the unification were the Danish War (1864), the Austro-Prussian War (1866), and the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871).
- The final step towards unification was the proclamation of the German Empire in 1871, with King Wilhelm I of Prussia being crowned as Emperor.
Unification of Italy:
The unification of Italy was a complex process that took place in the 19th century, resulting in the consolidation of various Italian states into a single unified kingdom.
- The movement for Italian unification, known as the Risorgimento, was led by figures such as Giuseppe Garibaldi, Camillo Cavour, and Giuseppe Mazzini.
- The process involved several wars and conflicts, including the Wars of Italian Unification (1848-1871) against foreign powers such as Austria and France.
- The Kingdom of Italy was officially proclaimed in 1861, with Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia being crowned as the king of Italy.
Britain Unified:
The unification of Britain refers to the process through which the various kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Wales were united to form a single nation state.
- The process began with the Act of Union in 1707, which merged the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.
- The Act of Union in 1800 further united Great Britain with the Kingdom of Ireland, forming the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
- Following the Irish War of Independence and the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, the United Kingdom was renamed as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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