Explanation:
When light passes through a medium, it bends or refracts. The amount of bending that occurs depends on the refractive index of the medium. The refractive index of a medium is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the medium. Different colors of light have different wavelengths, and therefore, different speeds in a medium. This causes them to bend at different angles. The refractive index of a medium is different for different colors of light.

Maximum Refractive Index:
The refractive index of glass is maximum for the color red. This means that red light bends the most when passing through glass. The refractive index of glass is different for different colors of light because of the variation in the wavelength of light. Red light has the longest wavelength of all the visible colors, and it bends the most when passing through a medium. Therefore, the refractive index of glass is maximum for the color red.

Effect of Color:
The refractive index of glass decreases as the wavelength of light decreases. This means that the refractive index is minimum for the color violet which has the shortest wavelength. The refractive index of glass is higher for longer wavelengths of light, such as red and orange. This is why a prism separates white light into different colors, with red light bending the most and violet light bending the least.

Applications:
The fact that the refractive index of glass is maximum for the color red has several applications. Some of these are:

- In the design of lenses for telescopes and cameras, where the focus of red light is important.
- In the production of optical fibers, where the transmission of red light is critical.
- In the study of light and color, where the bending of light through different media is a fundamental concept.