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UPSC Exam  >  UPSC Questions  >  Which institution is an example of a governme... Start Learning for Free
Which institution is an example of a government-run service?
  • a)
    A private school
  • b)
    A local market
  • c)
    The Indian Railways
  • d)
    A shopping mall
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Verified Answer
Which institution is an example of a government-run service?a)A privat...
The Indian Railways is a government-run service that provides transportation across the country. It is an example of how the government manages infrastructure and public services to meet citizens' needs.
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Most Upvoted Answer
Which institution is an example of a government-run service?a)A privat...
Understanding Government-Run Services
Government-run services are essential components of public administration, designed to provide services to the citizens.

Example: The Indian Railways
- The Indian Railways is a prime example of a government-run service in India.
- It is owned and operated by the Government of India and plays a crucial role in transportation and logistics across the country.

Characteristics of Indian Railways
- **Public Ownership**: As a government entity, Indian Railways is funded by taxpayer money and aims to serve the public interest.
- **Essential Services**: It provides essential travel and cargo transport services, connecting remote areas with urban centers, thus facilitating commerce and mobility.
- **Subsidized Fares**: The Indian Railways often provides subsidized fares, making transportation affordable for the general populace, unlike private entities that prioritize profit.

Comparison with Other Options
- **Private School**: Operated for profit, not a government service.
- **Local Market**: Generally a private initiative, not run by the government.
- **Shopping Mall**: A commercial establishment focused on profit, owned by private entities.

Conclusion
The Indian Railways exemplifies a government-run service because it is publicly owned and aims to provide essential services to the citizens of India without the primary goal of profit. Its operations reflect the government's commitment to public welfare and infrastructure development.
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Accountability, or the lack of it, in governance generally, and civil services, in particular, is a major factor underlying the deficiencies in governance and public administration. Designing an effective framework for accountability has been a key element of the reform agenda. A fundamental issue is whether civil services should be accountable to the political executive of the day or to society at large. In other words, how should internal and external accountability be reconciled? Internal accountability is sought to be achieved by internal performance monitoring, official supervision by bodies like the —Central-Vigilance Commission-andComptroller and Auditor—General, and judicial review of executive decisions. Articles 311 and 312 of the Indian Constitution provide job security and safeguards to the civil services, especially the All India Services. The framers of the Constitution had envisaged that provision of these safeguards would result in a civil service that is not totally subservient to the political executive but will have the strength to function in larger public interest. The need to balance internal and external accountability is thus built into the Constitution. The issue is where to draw the line. Over the years, the emphasis seems to have tilted in favour of greater internal accountability of the civil services to the political leaders of the day who in turn are expected to be externally accountable to the society at large through the election process. This system for seeking accountability to Society has not worked out, and has led to several adverse consequences for governance.Some special measures can be considered for improving accountability in civil services.Provisions of articles 311 and 312 should be reviewed and laws and regulations framed to ensure external accountability of civil services. The proposed Civil Services Bill seeks to address some of these requirements. The respective roles of professional civil services and the political executive should he defined so that professional managerial functions and management of civil services are depoliticized. For this purpose, effective statutory civil service boards should be created at the centre and in the states. Decentralization and devolution of authority to bring government and decision making closer to the people also helps to enhance accountability.Q. Which one of the following is the essential message implied by this passage?

Accountability, or the lack of it, in governance generally, and civil services, in particular, is a major factor underlying the deficiencies in governance and public administration. Designing an effective framework for accountability has been a key element of the reform agenda. A fundamental issue is whether civil services should be accountable to the political executive of the day or to society at large. In other words, how should internal and external accountability be reconciled? Internal accountability is sought to be achieved by internal performance monitoring, official supervision by bodies like the —Central-Vigilance Commission-andComptroller and Auditor—General, and judicial review of executive decisions. Articles 311 and 312 of the Indian Constitution provide job security and safeguards to the civil services, especially the All India Services. The framers of the Constitution had envisaged that provision of these safeguards would result in a civil service that is not totally subservient to the political executive but will have the strength to function in larger public interest. The need to balance internal and external accountability is thus built into the Constitution. The issue is where to draw the line. Over the years, the emphasis seems to have tilted in favour of greater internal accountability of the civil services to the political leaders of the day who in turn are expected to be externally accountable to the society at large through the election process. This system for seeking accountability to Society has not worked out, and has led to several adverse consequences for governance.Some special measures can be considered for improving accountability in civil services.Provisions of articles 311 and 312 should be reviewed and laws and regulations framed to ensure external accountability of civil services. The proposed Civil Services Bill seeks to address some of these requirements. The respective roles of professional civil services and the political executive should he defined so that professional managerial functions and management of civil services are depoliticized. For this purpose, effective statutory civil service boards should be created at the centre and in the states. Decentralization and devolution of authority to bring government and decision making closer to the people also helps to enhance accountability.Q. According to the passage, which of the following factor/factors led to the adverse consequences for governance/public administration?1. Inability of civil services to strike a balance between internal and external accountabilities2. Lack of sufficient professional training to the officers of All India Services 3. Lack of proper service benefits in civil services4. Lack of Constitutional provisions to define the respective roles of professional civil services vis-a-vis political executive in this context Select the correct answer using the code given below

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Which institution is an example of a government-run service?a)A private schoolb)A local marketc)The Indian Railwaysd)A shopping mallCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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