Understanding the Magnetic Effect of Electric Current
The experiment conducted by the student illustrates the fundamental concept of electromagnetism, demonstrating how an electric current flowing through a straight conductor generates a magnetic field around it.

Key Observations from the Experiment
- **Compass Behavior**: When the current is switched on, the magnetic compass needle aligns itself perpendicular to the conductor. This indicates the presence of a magnetic field created by the electric current.
- **Direction of the Magnetic Field**: The direction of the magnetic field can be determined using the right-hand rule. If you point your thumb in the direction of the current, the direction in which your fingers curl represents the direction of the magnetic field lines.

Reason Behind the Magnetic Effect
- **Electromagnetic Induction**: The phenomenon occurs due to the movement of charged particles (electrons) in the conductor. As these charged particles move, they generate a magnetic field around the conductor, which is a manifestation of electromagnetism.
- **Field Lines Representation**: The magnetic field lines form concentric circles around the straight conductor. The density of these lines indicates the strength of the magnetic field, which is stronger closer to the conductor and weaker further away.

Conclusion
The experiment confirms that an electric current creates a magnetic field around a straight conductor. This principle forms the basis for many practical applications, including electromagnets, electric motors, and transformers, underscoring the interconnectedness of electricity and magnetism in physics. Understanding this relationship is essential for further studies in electromagnetism and its applications in technology.