Understanding Integers in Arithmetic Operations
Adding and subtracting integers and multiplying and dividing them can be confusing at first. Let's break down these operations for better understanding.
1. Adding Integers
- Same Signs: When you add two integers with the same sign, add their absolute values and keep the common sign.
- Example: 5 + 3 = 8; -5 + (-3) = -8
- Different Signs: Subtract the smaller absolute value from the larger one and keep the sign of the integer with the larger absolute value.
- Example: 5 + (-3) = 2; -5 + 3 = -2
2. Subtracting Integers
- Change the Sign: To subtract an integer, add its opposite.
- Example: 5 - 3 = 5 + (-3) = 2; -5 - 3 = -5 + (-3) = -8
3. Multiplying Integers
- Same Signs: The product of two integers with the same sign is positive.
- Example: 4 * 3 = 12; (-4) * (-3) = 12
- Different Signs: The product of two integers with different signs is negative.
- Example: 4 * (-3) = -12; (-4) * 3 = -12
4. Dividing Integers
- Same Signs: The quotient of two integers with the same sign is positive.
- Example: 12 ÷ 4 = 3; (-12) ÷ (-4) = 3
- Different Signs: The quotient of two integers with different signs is negative.
- Example: 12 ÷ (-4) = -3; (-12) ÷ 4 = -3
Conclusion
By remembering these simple rules, you can confidently add, subtract, multiply, and divide integers. Practice makes perfect, so keep working with different examples to solidify your understanding!