Understanding Moles and Atoms
To determine what contains the same number of atoms as 3.2 g of sulfur, we first need to calculate the number of moles and then apply Avogadro's number.
Calculate Moles of Sulfur
- The molar mass of sulfur (S) is approximately 32 g/mol.
- To find the number of moles in 3.2 g of sulfur:
Moles of S = Mass (g) / Molar Mass (g/mol)
= 3.2 g / 32 g/mol
= 0.1 moles
Number of Atoms in Moles
- Using Avogadro's number (approximately 6.022 x 10²³ atoms/mol), we can calculate the total number of atoms:
Total atoms = Moles x Avogadro's number
= 0.1 moles x 6.022 x 10²³ atoms/mol
= 6.022 x 10²² atoms
Finding Equivalent Substances
To find a substance that contains 6.022 x 10²² atoms, we look for another element or molecule with the same number of moles.
Example: Hydrogen Molecules
- The molar mass of H2 (hydrogen gas) is about 2 g/mol.
- To find how much H2 is needed to have 0.1 moles:
Mass of H2 = Moles x Molar Mass
= 0.1 moles x 2 g/mol
= 0.2 g
Thus, 0.2 g of hydrogen gas also contains approximately the same number of atoms (6.022 x 10²²) as 3.2 g of sulfur.
Conclusion
In summary, 0.2 g of hydrogen gas and 3.2 g of sulfur possess the same number of atoms, highlighting the concept of moles and Avogadro's number in chemistry.