Although a person's sex as male or female stands as a biological fact that is identical in any culture, what that specific sex means in reference to a person's gender role as a woman or a man in society varies cross culturally according to what things are considered to be masculine or feminine.

Gender distinctions refer to the differences between women and men, which can be categorized into social and biological aspects. These distinctions are shaped by various factors, including cultural, political, economic, and biological influences. However, the correct answer to this question is option 'D', which suggests that gender distinctions encompass both social and biological differences between women and men.

Explanation:
Social Differences:
1. Cultural: Gender distinctions are heavily influenced by cultural norms, values, and beliefs. Societies often assign specific roles and expectations to individuals based on their gender. For example, in many cultures, women are expected to be caregivers and men are expected to be breadwinners.
2. Political: Gender distinctions can also be seen in the political sphere, where women are often underrepresented in positions of power and decision-making. This is known as the gender gap in politics and reflects the unequal distribution of political power between women and men.
3. Economic: Gender distinctions can be observed in the economic realm, where women often face barriers to equal opportunities and pay. This gender pay gap is influenced by various factors, including occupational segregation, discrimination, and the undervaluation of work traditionally performed by women.

Biological Differences:
1. Biological: Gender distinctions also encompass biological differences between women and men. These differences arise from the sex chromosomes (XX for females and XY for males) and the hormonal and physiological variations associated with each sex. Examples of biological differences include reproductive systems, hormone levels, and physical attributes like muscle mass and body composition.

Conclusion:
Gender distinctions are complex and multidimensional, involving both social and biological differences between women and men. While social factors such as culture, politics, and economics play a significant role in shaping gender distinctions, biological factors also contribute to the overall understanding of gender differences. It is crucial to recognize and address these distinctions to promote gender equality and ensure that individuals of all genders have equal rights and opportunities in society.

Answer is option D