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Although industries contribute significantly to India s economic growth and development, the increase in pollution resulting in degradation of the environment that they have caused cannot be overlooked. Analyze the statement by highlighting any three types of pollution caused by the industries. Give a concise 3 marker answer.
Not too long not too short.?
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Although industries contribute significantly to India s economic growt...
Introduction
Industries play a vital role in India’s economic growth, but they also contribute significantly to environmental pollution. This pollution leads to severe ecological issues that threaten public health and biodiversity. Here, we analyze three major types of pollution caused by industries.
1. Air Pollution
- Industries release a substantial amount of pollutants into the atmosphere, including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter.
- These emissions arise from burning fossil fuels, manufacturing processes, and chemical reactions.
- Air pollution can lead to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and environmental issues like acid rain.
2. Water Pollution
- Industrial discharges often contain toxic chemicals, heavy metals, and organic waste that are released into rivers and lakes.
- Effluents from factories can contaminate drinking water sources and harm aquatic ecosystems.
- This pollution threatens human health and impacts livelihoods dependent on fishing and agriculture.
3. Soil Pollution
- Industries often dispose of hazardous waste improperly, leading to soil contamination with heavy metals, pesticides, and solvents.
- Polluted soil can affect crops and lead to the accumulation of toxins in the food chain.
- Soil pollution poses long-term health risks to humans and disrupts local ecosystems.
Conclusion
While industries are essential for economic advancement, the environmental consequences of their operations cannot be ignored. Addressing air, water, and soil pollution is crucial for sustainable development and protecting public health in India.
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Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do so with the future generations too. Ninety-five per cent of our basic needs for food, shelter and clothing are obtained from land. Human activities have not only brought about degradation of land but have also aggravated the pace of natural forces to cause damage to land. Some human activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, mining and quarrying too have contributed significantly in land degradation. Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars and traces of overburdening. In states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation. In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of the main reasons for land degradation. In the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil. The mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere. It retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil after it settles down on the land. In recent years, industrial effluents as waste have become a major source of land and water pollution in many parts of the country.Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:What harm does the mineral processing and cement industry do to the environment and land?

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Although industries contribute significantly to India s economic growth and development, the increase in pollution resulting in degradation of the environment that they have caused cannot be overlooked. Analyze the statement by highlighting any three types of pollution caused by the industries. Give a concise 3 marker answer. Not too long not too short.?
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