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Explain the contingency theory of leadership and its applicability in public administration. give five points with one sentence explanation only and contemporary examples relevant to India with one sentence explanation?
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Contingency Theory of Leadership
The contingency theory of leadership posits that there is no single best way to lead; instead, effective leadership is contingent upon various situational factors. This flexibility makes it particularly relevant in the dynamic environment of public administration.
Key Points of Contingency Theory
  • Situational Factors: Leadership effectiveness depends on the context, including the nature of the task and the environment.
  • Leader's Style: A leader’s approach should align with the specific needs of the team and the situation at hand.
  • Follower Characteristics: Understanding the skills, motivations, and attitudes of team members is crucial for effective leadership.
  • Task Structure: Different tasks require different leadership styles; structured tasks may require a more directive approach.
  • Environmental Influences: External factors, such as political climate and public opinion, significantly impact leadership strategies.

Applicability in Public Administration in India
  • Disaster Management: Leaders in disaster response teams adjust their style based on the urgency and nature of the crisis, as seen during the Kerala floods.
  • Policy Formulation: The approach taken by IAS officers can vary based on community needs, such as the implementation of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in urban vs. rural settings.
  • Public Health Initiatives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, health administrators adapted their leadership styles to manage diverse public health challenges effectively.
  • Education Reforms: Leaders in educational policy have to consider socio-economic factors, as evidenced by the National Education Policy 2020's emphasis on regional adaptability.
  • Law Enforcement: Police leadership during protests, such as those against the Citizenship Amendment Act, varied based on community engagement and public sentiment.

This theory thus provides valuable insights for public administrators in India, allowing them to tailor their leadership styles to meet the unique challenges posed by varying circumstances.
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Explain the contingency theory of leadership and its applicability in public administration. give five points with one sentence explanation only and contemporary examples relevant to India with one sentence explanation?
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