Which of the following is the correct order of boiling points for the ...
The boiling points increase with the molecular mass and the extent of dipole-dipole interactions. Chloromethane has the lowest boiling point due to its smaller size and weaker intermolecular forces, while carbon tetrachloride has the highest boiling point.
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Which of the following is the correct order of boiling points for the ...
Understanding Boiling Points
The boiling points of compounds can be influenced by factors such as molecular weight, polarity, and intermolecular forces. In this case, we're comparing halogenated hydrocarbons.
Factors Influencing Boiling Points
- Molecular Weight: Generally, a higher molecular weight leads to a higher boiling point due to increased van der Waals forces.
- Intermolecular Forces: Polar molecules tend to have higher boiling points than non-polar molecules. Dipole-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding can significantly elevate boiling points.
Analysis of Compounds
1. Chloromethane (CH3Cl):
- Molecular weight: 50.49 g/mol
- Polarity: Polar
- Boiling point: -24.2 °C
2. Dichloromethane (CH2Cl2):
- Molecular weight: 84.93 g/mol
- Polarity: More polar than chloromethane
- Boiling point: 39.6 °C
3. Chloroform (CHCl3):
- Molecular weight: 119.38 g/mol
- Polarity: Polar
- Boiling point: 61.2 °C
4. Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4):
- Molecular weight: 153.82 g/mol
- Polarity: Nonpolar
- Boiling point: 76.7 °C
Correct Order of Boiling Points
Based on the analysis, the boiling points increase with the molecular weight and the strength of intermolecular forces:
- Chloromethane< />Dichloromethane< />Chloroform< />Carbon Tetrachloride
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