Select the incorrect statement with respect to acquired immunity. (N...
There are two main types of immunity in human body:
1. Innate immunity is the non-specific immunity present at the time of birth. This works on physical, physiological, cytological and chemical barriers.
2. Acquired immunity is the adaptive or specific immunity which a person develops during his/her lifetime. This works by B-cell and T-cells of the body.
Select the incorrect statement with respect to acquired immunity. (N...
Explanation of Incorrect Statement
The incorrect statement regarding acquired immunity is option 'C': "Acquired immunity is a non-specific type of defense present at the time of birth."
Understanding Acquired Immunity
- Acquired immunity, also known as adaptive immunity, is a specialized defense mechanism.
- It develops over time and is specific to particular pathogens that the body has encountered.
- Unlike innate immunity, which is present at birth and is non-specific, acquired immunity is tailored to recognize and eliminate specific invaders.
Key Characteristics of Acquired Immunity
- Specificity: Acquired immunity targets specific pathogens, distinguishing them from others.
- Memory: It retains a memory of past infections, which allows for a quicker and stronger response upon re-exposure to the same pathogen.
Contrast with Innate Immunity
- Innate Immunity: This is the body's first line of defense and includes physical barriers (like skin), chemical barriers (like enzymes), and immune cells (like phagocytes). It is present from birth and responds in a non-specific manner.
Types of Acquired Immunity
- Active Immunity: Developed after exposure to a pathogen or through vaccination.
- Passive Immunity: Acquired by transferring antibodies from another individual (e.g., maternal antibodies).
In summary, option 'C' is incorrect because acquired immunity is not present at birth and is indeed a specific response developed after exposure to pathogens.