How r nerve impulses transferred from one neuron to another neuron?

Question

Answer

When a nerve impulse reaches the end of an axon, the axon releases chemicals called neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters travel across the synapse between the axon and the dendrite of the next neuron. Neurotransmitters bind to the membrane of the dendrite.

Answer

The message is passed from one neuron to other in the form of chemical produced by nerve cell

Answer

Nerve impulses are transferred from one neuron to another neuron through a process called synaptic transmission. This intricate process involves a series of events that allow for the transmission of information across the synapse, the junction between two neurons. Let's delve into the details of how nerve impulses are transferred between neurons.

Synapse Structure:
- A synapse consists of a presynaptic terminal, a postsynaptic terminal, and a tiny gap called the synaptic cleft.
- The presynaptic terminal contains synaptic vesicles, which store neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers responsible for transmitting signals across the synapse.

Release of Neurotransmitters:
- When an action potential, an electrical signal, reaches the presynaptic terminal, it triggers the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels.
- Calcium ions rush into the presynaptic terminal, causing the synaptic vesicles to fuse with the presynaptic membrane.
- This fusion results in the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft via exocytosis.

Neurotransmitter Binding:
- The neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic membrane.
- These receptors are typically ligand-gated ion channels, meaning they can open or close in response to the binding of a specific neurotransmitter.
- When a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor, it causes a conformational change that allows ions to flow into or out of the postsynaptic neuron.

Generation of Postsynaptic Potential:
- The flow of ions through the postsynaptic receptor channels generates a postsynaptic potential, either depolarizing or hyperpolarizing the postsynaptic neuron.
- If the postsynaptic potential reaches the threshold for an action potential, it triggers the generation of a new electrical signal in the postsynaptic neuron.

Termination of Synaptic Transmission:
- To ensure the precise and timely transmission of nerve impulses, synaptic transmission must be terminated.
- The neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft are either taken back up into the presynaptic terminal through reuptake mechanisms or broken down by enzymes present in the synaptic cleft.

Key Points:
- Synaptic transmission allows for the transfer of nerve impulses between neurons.
- The synapse consists of a presynaptic terminal, postsynaptic terminal, and synaptic cleft.
- Nerve impulses are transferred through the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic terminal.
- Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, generating a postsynaptic potential.
- The postsynaptic potential may trigger the generation of an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron.
- Synaptic transmission is terminated through reuptake mechanisms or enzymatic breakdown of neurotransmitters.

Overall, synaptic transmission plays a crucial role in the communication between neurons and is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system.

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