Consider the following pairs regarding provisions that require a speci...
1. Correct. Amendments to the Directive Principles of State Policy require a special majority in Parliament only and do not require the consent of states.
2. Correct. Amendments affecting the election of the President fall under the provisions requiring a special majority in Parliament and ratification by at least half of the state legislatures.
3. Incorrect. Parliament can either abolish an existing Legislative Council or create one in a state by a simple majority, meaning a majority of members present and voting in each House. This can only be done if the state's legislative assembly first passes a resolution with a special majority supporting the change.
4. Correct. Certain provisions of the Constitution can be amended by Parliament with a special majority, but when the amendment affects the federal structure (e.g., distribution of powers between the Union and States, or the representation of states in Parliament), the consent of states is required.
Therefore,Correct Answer- Option B
Consider the following pairs regarding provisions that require a speci...
Analysis of the Pairs
To determine how many pairs regarding constitutional amendments are correctly matched, let's analyze each statement individually.
1. Directive Principles of State Policy - Special Majority in Parliament only
- Correctness: This is incorrect. Amendments relating to Directive Principles require a special majority in Parliament and, in certain cases, the consent of states as well.
2. Election of the President - Consent required from half of the state legislatures
- Correctness: This is correct. The election of the President involves amendments that require the consent of at least half of the state legislatures.
3. Creation or Abolition of Legislative Councils - Consent required from half of the state legislatures
- Correctness: This is also correct. The process of creating or abolishing a legislative council necessitates the consent of the majority of states.
4. Parliament's Power to Amend the Constitution - Special Majority in Parliament and Consent of States
- Correctness: This is incorrect. Not all amendments require the consent of states; only certain types do. A special majority in Parliament is essential, but state consent is not universally needed.
Summary of Correct Matches
- Pairs 2 and 3 are correctly matched.
- Pairs 1 and 4 are incorrect.
Conclusion
Thus, only two pairs are correctly matched. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B' - only three pairs.