The correct answer is option 'C', pisciculture.

**Explanation:**
Pisciculture refers to the rearing and breeding of fish in ponds, lakes, and artificial reservoirs. It is a branch of aquaculture, which involves the cultivation of aquatic organisms such as fish, mollusks, crustaceans, and aquatic plants.

Pisciculture plays a significant role in meeting the increasing demand for fish as a source of food and income. It involves various activities, including selective breeding, fish stocking, feeding, and management of fish habitats.

**Advantages of Pisciculture:**
1. Increased Fish Production: Pisciculture allows for controlled breeding and rearing of fish, leading to increased fish production. This helps in meeting the demand for fish in the market and reduces pressure on wild fish stocks.

2. Employment Opportunities: Pisciculture creates employment opportunities in rural and coastal areas, thus contributing to the socio-economic development of communities.

3. Food Security: With the growing population, pisciculture helps ensure food security by providing a consistent supply of fish, which is a valuable source of protein and essential nutrients.

4. Income Generation: Pisciculture can be a profitable venture for farmers, as they can sell the cultivated fish in the market for a profit.

5. Conservation of Wild Fish Stocks: By promoting fish farming, pisciculture reduces the dependence on wild fish stocks, thereby conserving natural resources.

6. Environmental Benefits: Ponds and reservoirs used for pisciculture can serve as water bodies for irrigation, domestic use, and livestock watering. Additionally, fish excreta can be utilized as fertilizer for agricultural crops.

**Conclusion:**
Pisciculture plays a crucial role in meeting the demand for fish, providing employment opportunities, and contributing to food security. By practicing sustainable and responsible fish farming techniques, we can ensure the long-term viability of pisciculture while conserving natural resources and protecting the environment.