The International War Tribunal was set up in ?a)Vienna b)Munich c)Nuremberg d)AuschwitzCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

The four major Allied powers—France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States—set up the International Military Tribunal (IMT) in Nuremberg, Germany, to prosecute and punish “the major war criminals of the European Axis.”

Answer

The Nuremberg Trial and the Tokyo war crimes trial (1945-1948) following world war 2, the victorious Allied government established the first international criminal tribunal to prosecute high-level political, officials and military authorities for war crimes and other wartime atrocities.

Answer

Nuremberg

Answer

The correct answer is option 'C', Nuremberg.

Explanation:
The International War Tribunal was set up in Nuremberg after World War II. The Nuremberg Trials were a series of military tribunals held between 1945 and 1949 to prosecute prominent leaders of Nazi Germany for their participation in war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide.

Here is a detailed explanation of the establishment and significance of the International War Tribunal in Nuremberg:

1. Establishment of the International War Tribunal:
- The idea of holding trials to hold Nazi leaders accountable for their crimes was first proposed by the Allied powers during the Tehran Conference in 1943.
- The Charter of the International Military Tribunal (IMT) was subsequently drafted, and the tribunal was established on August 8, 1945, in Nuremberg, Germany.
- The IMT consisted of judges from the Allied powers - the United States, Soviet Union, Great Britain, and France.

2. Purpose of the Nuremberg Trials:
- The primary objective of the Nuremberg Trials was to bring justice to the victims of Nazi atrocities and hold accountable those responsible for planning and executing these crimes.
- The trials aimed to establish that individuals, even those in positions of power, could be held responsible for their actions during times of war.
- The principles of the trials laid the foundation for the development of modern international criminal law.

3. Prosecution and Defendants:
- The trials focused on prosecuting prominent Nazi leaders, including military officers, government officials, and members of the SS and Gestapo.
- The defendants included high-ranking officials such as Hermann Göring, Rudolf Hess, Albert Speer, and Karl Dönitz.
- The trials also targeted organizations such as the SS, Gestapo, and the Nazi Party.

4. Key Principles and Legacy:
- The Nuremberg Trials established several key principles that continue to shape international law today.
- The principle of individual criminal responsibility, known as the 'Nuremberg Principles,' states that individuals can be held accountable for crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide.
- The trials also emphasized the importance of due process, fair trials, and the prohibition of crimes against humanity.
- The legacy of the Nuremberg Trials paved the way for subsequent international tribunals, such as the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Court.

In conclusion, the International War Tribunal was set up in Nuremberg to prosecute Nazi leaders for their involvement in war crimes and crimes against humanity during World War II. The trials played a crucial role in establishing the principles of individual criminal responsibility and laid the foundation for modern international criminal law.

Similar UPSC Doubts

Which of the following bodies was set up to try and prosecute the Nazi war criminals at the end of World War II ?

Why was international military tribunal set up at Nuremberg at the end of the war?

Why did the Nuremburg Tribunal sentence only 11 Nazis to death for such a massive genocide?

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