The real success of federalism in India can be attributed to the nature of democratic politics
in our country. This ensured that the spirit of federalism, respect for diversity and desire for
living together became a shared ideal in our country. The policies that have strengthened
federalism in India are :
(i) Some new states have been created on the basis of either language, culture, ethnicity or
geography. This has made administration easier.
(ii) Even though Hindi was identified as the official language by our Constitution, other
languages have also been protected. Besides Hindi, there are 21 other languages
recognized as scheduled languages by the Constitution. States too have their own official
languages. Thus, not declaring Hindi a national language or imposing it on all the states
has strengthened federalism.
(iii) By restructuring the centre-state relations, federalism has got strengthened. Earlier, the
central government could easily dismiss the state governments which were controlled by
the rival parties. But after 1990, there was a rise of regional political parties in many states
of the country. The era of coalition governments which needs an alliance with many parties
including several regional parties to form a government at the centre, has led to a new
culture of power sharing and respect for the autonomy of the states.

Language policy is a significant aspect of any country's politics. It defines the official language of the country, the medium of instruction in schools, and the use of language in government operations.




Language policy plays a crucial role in the unification of diverse societies. In a country with multiple ethnic groups and languages, a language policy that promotes a common national language can create a sense of national identity and unity. This can strengthen the political stability of the country.


Language policy can also promote cultural identity. A language policy that recognizes and promotes the use of minority languages can help preserve cultural diversity and prevent the loss of cultural heritage. This can foster a sense of pride and belonging among minority groups and reduce tensions between them and the majority.


Language policy can also impact communication and governance. A common language can facilitate communication between citizens and the government, improving governance and reducing misunderstandings. It can also reduce the cost of government operations by eliminating the need for translation services.


Language policy can also impact economic growth and development. A language policy that promotes the use of a widely spoken language can increase business opportunities and attract foreign investment. This can lead to job creation, increased economic activity, and improved living standards.


In conclusion, language policy is an essential aspect of politics. It can impact the unity, cultural identity, communication, governance, and economic growth of a country. It is crucial for policymakers to carefully consider the implications of their language policies to ensure they promote unity, diversity, and economic growth.