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What led to tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities in Belgium during the 1950s and 1960s?
  • a)
    Both the communities demanded special powers
  • b)
    The minority French-speaking community was richer and more powerful than the majority Dutch-speaking community
  • c)
    The majority Dutch-speaking community was richer and more powerful than the minority French-speaking community
  • d)
    Both the communities were equal in socio economic ladder and this was resented by the French-speaking community
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
What led to tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking co...
1) French community was relatively rich and powerfulin camparison to the Dutch community.
2) Dutch community got the benifit of economic development and education much later
3) This led to tension in Belgium during 1950s-1960s
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What led to tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking co...
Tensions between Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities in Belgium during the 1950s and 1960s were primarily caused by the fact that the minority French-speaking community was richer and more powerful than the majority Dutch-speaking community. This led to a number of disputes and disagreements, including:

1. Political Representation: The French-speaking community demanded greater political representation and more control over the government, which the Dutch-speaking community resisted.

2. Language: The two communities had different languages, with Dutch being spoken by the majority and French by the minority. This led to conflicts over language rights and the use of language in government, education, and public life.

3. Economic Disparities: The French-speaking community was generally wealthier than the Dutch-speaking community, which led to resentment and tensions between the two groups.

4. Cultural Differences: The two communities had different cultural traditions and identities, which also contributed to tensions and conflicts.

5. Regionalism: The two communities were concentrated in different regions of the country, with the Dutch-speaking community in Flanders and the French-speaking community in Wallonia. This led to regionalism and a sense of division between the two groups.

Overall, the tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities in Belgium during the 1950s and 1960s were complex and multifaceted, but were primarily driven by economic disparities and political representation.
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Passage 1By going through literature on communalism, certain important aspects that are worth noting arise. First, arbitrary definitions and explanations, often due to the development of opposing schools of thought, have created vagueness around the phenomenon of communalism and its associations with the concept of community. Second, most of the writings on communalism are not on communalism per se. They are on Hindu communalism, Muslim communalism and the Hindu fundamentalism. The connection between communalism and communities is not addressed properly. Third, features of religious communalism - a presumed homogenous community and community consciousness - are also exhibited by sects, cults, castes and linguistic and regional communities. Such communities and their politics are not seen as a part of the restricted idea of communalism. This is why the use of the idea of the ethnic is considered more appropriate, for it can bring under its consideration the full range of such expressions. Fourth, occurrences of communal violence in southern Indian states, its spread to rural and hill areas where tribals and dalits are either involved or attacked, and a range of new subjects for contestation in contemporary times show that communalism is not a peculiar north Indian and urban phenomenon.Writings on communalism, even while highly analytical, consider community in terms of religion. This narrowing of communalism to apply only to religious communities has been uncritically inherited from colonial understandings of communities in India. To begin a discussion on communalism, it is necessary to see how it has been defined and explained, and how it has been associated with the term community. In a crude way, a group of people with some common bonds or notion of common identity can be treated as a community. Apparently, the association of communalism with community looks simplistic. An analysis of the characteristic features of communalism shows that the complex relationship between communalism and community has largely been overlooked. Jones defines communalism as consciously shared religious heritage which becomes the dominant form of identity for a given segment of society.Q. What is the reason that communalism has come to be identified only with religion?

Passage 1By going through literature on communalism, certain important aspects that are worth noting arise. First, arbitrary definitions and explanations, often due to the development of opposing schools of thought, have created vagueness around the phenomenon of communalism and its associations with the concept of community. Second, most of the writings on communalism are not on communalism per se. They are on Hindu communalism, Muslim communalism and the Hindu fundamentalism. The connection between communalism and communities is not addressed properly. Third, features of religious communalism - a presumed homogenous community and community consciousness - are also exhibited by sects, cults, castes and linguistic and regional communities. Such communities and their politics are not seen as a part of the restricted idea of communalism. This is why the use of the idea of the ethnic is considered more appropriate, for it can bring under its consideration the full range of such expressions. Fourth, occurrences of communal violence in southern Indian states, its spread to rural and hill areas where tribals and dalits are either involved or attacked, and a range of new subjects for contestation in contemporary times show that communalism is not a peculiar north Indian and urban phenomenon.Writings on communalism, even while highly analytical, consider community in terms of religion. This narrowing of communalism to apply only to religious communities has been uncritically inherited from colonial understandings of communities in India. To begin a discussion on communalism, it is necessary to see how it has been defined and explained, and how it has been associated with the term community. In a crude way, a group of people with some common bonds or notion of common identity can be treated as a community. Apparently, the association of communalism with community looks simplistic. An analysis of the characteristic features of communalism shows that the complex relationship between communalism and community has largely been overlooked. Jones defines communalism as consciously shared religious heritage which becomes the dominant form of identity for a given segment of society.Q. Which of the following is the author most likely to agree with?1. Communalism and community can be used interchangeably to talk about the same group of people2. Communalism can be defined as the religious heritage that gives rise to a particular community. Select the answer using the codes given below

Passage 1By going through literature on communalism, certain important aspects that are worth noting arise. First, arbitrary definitions and explanations, often due to the development of opposing schools of thought, have created vagueness around the phenomenon of communalism and its associations with the concept of community. Second, most of the writings on communalism are not on communalism per se. They are on Hindu communalism, Muslim communalism and the Hindu fundamentalism. The connection between communalism and communities is not addressed properly. Third, features of religious communalism - a presumed homogenous community and community consciousness - are also exhibited by sects, cults, castes and linguistic and regional communities. Such communities and their politics are not seen as a part of the restricted idea of communalism. This is why the use of the idea of the ethnic is considered more appropriate, for it can bring under its consideration the full range of such expressions. Fourth, occurrences of communal violence in southern Indian states, its spread to rural and hill areas where tribals and dalits are either involved or attacked, and a range of new subjects for contestation in contemporary times show that communalism is not a peculiar north Indian and urban phenomenon.Writings on communalism, even while highly analytical, consider community in terms of religion. This narrowing of communalism to apply only to religious communities has been uncritically inherited from colonial understandings of communities in India. To begin a discussion on communalism, it is necessary to see how it has been defined and explained, and how it has been associated with the term community. In a crude way, a group of people with some common bonds or notion of common identity can be treated as a community. Apparently, the association of communalism with community looks simplistic. An analysis of the characteristic features of communalism shows that the complex relationship between communalism and community has largely been overlooked. Jones defines communalism as consciously shared religious heritage which becomes the dominant form of identity for a given segment of society.Q. Consider the following statements:I. Most writings on communalism have been charged by religious sentimentII. Colonial understandings of communities in India are less relevant todayWith reference of the passage, which of the following assumptions is/are valid?

Directions (Q.51-57) for the following items:Read the following two passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on these passages only. Passage 1By going through literature on communalism, certain important aspects that are worth noting arise. First, arbitrary definitions and explanations, often due to the development of opposing schools of thought, have created vagueness around the phenomenon of communalism and its associations with the concept of community. Second, most of the writings on communalism are not on communalism per se. They are on Hindu communalism, Muslim communalism and the Hindu fundamentalism. The connection between communalism and communities is not addressed properly. Third, features of religious communalism - a presumed homogenous community and community consciousness - are also exhibited by sects, cults, castes and linguistic and regional communities. Such communities and their politics are not seen as a part of the restricted idea of communalism. This is why the use of the idea of the ethnic is considered more appropriate, for it can bring under its consideration the full range of such expressions. Fourth, occurrences of communal violence in southern Indian states, its spread to rural and hill areas where tribals and dalits are either involved or attacked, and a range of new subjects for contestation in contemporary times show that communalism is not a peculiar north Indian and urban phenomenon.Writings on communalism, even while highly analytical, consider community in terms of religion. This narrowing of communalism to apply only to religious communities has been uncritically inherited from colonial understandings of communities in India. To begin a discussion on communalism, it is necessary to see how it has been defined and explained, and how it has been associated with the term community. In a crude way, a group of people with some common bonds or notion of common identity can be treated as a community. Apparently, the association of communalism with community looks simplistic. An analysis of the characteristic features of communalism shows that the complex relationship between communalism and community has largely been overlooked. Jones defines communalism as consciously shared religious heritage which becomes the dominant form of identity for a given segment of society.Q. Consider the following statements:1. Communalism has a narrow definition of being inter-religious hence, intra- religious communalism is ignored.2. The scope of communalism needs to be studied in a broader perspective to bring in comprehensive understanding With reference of the passage, which of the following assumptions is/are valid?

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What led to tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities in Belgium during the 1950s and 1960s?a)Both the communities demanded special powersb)The minority French-speaking community was richer and more powerful than the majority Dutch-speaking communityc)The majority Dutch-speaking community was richer and more powerful than the minority French-speaking communityd)Both the communities were equal in socio economic ladder and this was resented by the French-speaking communityCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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What led to tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities in Belgium during the 1950s and 1960s?a)Both the communities demanded special powersb)The minority French-speaking community was richer and more powerful than the majority Dutch-speaking communityc)The majority Dutch-speaking community was richer and more powerful than the minority French-speaking communityd)Both the communities were equal in socio economic ladder and this was resented by the French-speaking communityCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2025 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about What led to tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities in Belgium during the 1950s and 1960s?a)Both the communities demanded special powersb)The minority French-speaking community was richer and more powerful than the majority Dutch-speaking communityc)The majority Dutch-speaking community was richer and more powerful than the minority French-speaking communityd)Both the communities were equal in socio economic ladder and this was resented by the French-speaking communityCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for What led to tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities in Belgium during the 1950s and 1960s?a)Both the communities demanded special powersb)The minority French-speaking community was richer and more powerful than the majority Dutch-speaking communityc)The majority Dutch-speaking community was richer and more powerful than the minority French-speaking communityd)Both the communities were equal in socio economic ladder and this was resented by the French-speaking communityCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?.
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